tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37291706171194349602023-11-16T07:59:02.994-08:00TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGANTKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comBlogger28125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-6269596012375124482021-01-05T19:37:00.005-08:002021-01-05T19:42:16.413-08:00Sistem bahan bakar injeksi<p>Sistem bahan bakar injeksi pada saat ini sudah umum dijumpai pada kendaraan-kendaraan di sekitar kita dikarenakan demi mengurangi emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan oleh kendaraan. sebelum adanya sistem bahan bakar injeksi, kendaraan dahulu masih mengandalkan Karburator guna menghasilkan campuran bahan bakar dan udara untuk memenuhi proses pembakaran dalam mesin. Namun karena tuntutan jaman yang semakin berkembang dan tuntutan emisi gas buang maka dikembangkanlah sistem bahan bakar injeksi yang awalnya masih menggunakan komponen mekanik hingga hampir semua komponen sudah menggunakan teknologi elektronik. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmH-TMMCqhikKZHLDfbb6IqJ7iIGYtiso3NxqIPKqzWlwgTADwZoYXROUUpF709X2A4zyz6sB28gJxeOSaWb-yssaV-D5j_dg74eSby0QDmhaQu4UVjkgwfk0JCyI1Pwh262wca8ug_9rv/s608/Komponen-Sistem-Bahan-Bakar-Mesin-EFI.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="565" data-original-width="608" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmH-TMMCqhikKZHLDfbb6IqJ7iIGYtiso3NxqIPKqzWlwgTADwZoYXROUUpF709X2A4zyz6sB28gJxeOSaWb-yssaV-D5j_dg74eSby0QDmhaQu4UVjkgwfk0JCyI1Pwh262wca8ug_9rv/w386-h358/Komponen-Sistem-Bahan-Bakar-Mesin-EFI.jpg" width="386" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>gambar rangkaian sistem injeksi pada kendaraan</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><br /></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>Baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/dasar-kelistrikan-otomotif.html">Dasar Kelistrikan </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Prinsip kerja dari sistem injeksi bahan bakar pada dasarnya adalah sama, yaitu menginjeksikan bahan bakar dengan tekanan tinggi guna menghasilkan pengkabutan dan mampu bercampur dengan udara sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk proses pembakaran.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Selengkapnya silahkan pelajari pada bacaan di bawah ini :<iframe height="480" src="https://drive.google.com/file/d/16D907oSMcHjip0NpS9ihC7rNQdxPA6Xw/preview" width="550"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Selamat Belajar</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pertolongan-pertama-pada-mobil-injeksi.html">Pertolongan pada mobil injeksi mogok</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sumber :<br /><a href="https://teknisimobil.com/dasar-otomotif/12-komponen-sistem-bahan-bakar-mesin-efi-14949/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Teknisi Mobil</a></div>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-54275996991687475482021-01-05T18:55:00.002-08:002021-01-05T19:09:29.758-08:00Sistem Pengapian Pada Kendaraan Ringan<p>Sistem pengapian pada kendaraan (mobil) bensin terbagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu sistem pengapian konvensional dan sistem pengapian elektronik. Perbedaan dari kedua sistem itu hanya terletak pada teknik pengendalian induksi tegangan pada ignition coil atau coil pengapian saja. Pada sistem pengapian konvensional, untuk mengatur induksi tegangan tinggi pada ignition coil maenggunakan gerakan secara mekanik membuka dan menutupnya platina. Sedangkan pada sistem pengapian elektronik, peran platina digantikan oleh serangkaian komponen elektronik. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghN8sqJJzuh9Hux1uIvqjW8gOBv6sr-zN0S6Hki3U5qcsVR9ObmflfZa_nFN5_1nxRjc9YQ1SDKKbGigd3XtiUmjlavQTc1IjUHWhB5G77JwQBJyHxsvGRO4x6Cuz7tZNUk0OELi93ecfM/s901/pengapian-konvensional.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="595" data-original-width="901" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghN8sqJJzuh9Hux1uIvqjW8gOBv6sr-zN0S6Hki3U5qcsVR9ObmflfZa_nFN5_1nxRjc9YQ1SDKKbGigd3XtiUmjlavQTc1IjUHWhB5G77JwQBJyHxsvGRO4x6Cuz7tZNUk0OELi93ecfM/w355-h234/pengapian-konvensional.png" width="355" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Gambar sistem pengapian konvensional</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAKprVjzEkC22E4mmnZotEIr5GS7L7WaclzRIVWeCtGkjGWXkTSbXMy8WdfZpSDYJ8und_-YLZd1e7qbWIvnSBmvFczuzSpj-65Uhe4Bf9szG2Ux9L2dUqGqn0PBEy7tOjU7SCgnfKoJZD/s640/Cara-Kerja-Sistem-Pengapian-Elektronik.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="427" data-original-width="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAKprVjzEkC22E4mmnZotEIr5GS7L7WaclzRIVWeCtGkjGWXkTSbXMy8WdfZpSDYJ8und_-YLZd1e7qbWIvnSBmvFczuzSpj-65Uhe4Bf9szG2Ux9L2dUqGqn0PBEy7tOjU7SCgnfKoJZD/s320/Cara-Kerja-Sistem-Pengapian-Elektronik.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Gambar sistem pengapian Elektornik menggunakan distributor </i></div><p><b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/blog-post.html">Sistem kelistrikan Bodi</a></p><p>Pada sistem pengapian elektronik sendiri ada dua macam, yaitu menggunakan distributor dan tanpa menggunakan distributor pengapian (Distributorless). Sistem pengapian elektronik yang masih menggunakan distributor merupakan generasi lanjutan dari hasil pengembangan sistem pengapian konvensional. Dikarenakan masih ada kekurangan yang hampir sama dengan sistem pengapian konvensional, maka sistem pengapian ini dikembangkan lagi menjadi tanpa menggunakan distributor (distributorless) yang dapat kita jumpai pada kendaraan terbaru saat ini. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmBxIuC9Yw2T9xgaqBWFHf_XBO-_TeAfg54QJdELtXTFzVc8jAPvznMlM6RyoyyEBl6vuNW-XZghzgD7XNSWmvPFCWkeP1EW14qLAuhcwvQXfXof24Nf4g3wroYEK37GwH8_xyipGVjrBk/s804/igniter.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="804" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmBxIuC9Yw2T9xgaqBWFHf_XBO-_TeAfg54QJdELtXTFzVc8jAPvznMlM6RyoyyEBl6vuNW-XZghzgD7XNSWmvPFCWkeP1EW14qLAuhcwvQXfXof24Nf4g3wroYEK37GwH8_xyipGVjrBk/s320/igniter.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i>Gambar sistem pengapian Elektornik distributorless</i></div><div><br /></div><b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pengapian.html">Pemeriksaan sistem pengapian konvensional</a><br /><p>Selengkapnya dapat anda pelajari pada bacaan di bawah ini :<iframe height="480" src="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qTEd8D88dKv6B_BNc2OZqB1LoQQe1_eQ/preview" width="550"></iframe>
<br /><br /><b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html">Komponen sistem starter<br /></a><br /><br />Sumber : </p><p><a href="https://coversuper.com/blog/sistem-pengapian-konvensional-sistem-yang-membuat-kendaraan-bergerak/">coversuper.com</a></p><p><a href="https://vtconline.co.id/sistem-pengapian-elektronik/1113/">vtconline.co.id</a></p><p><a href="http://www.mv-clp.com/2016/03/sistem-pengapian-terkontrol-komputer.html">mv-clp.com</a></p>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-73757583100468731382020-08-02T18:43:00.004-07:002021-08-11T17:18:43.012-07:00Sistem Kelistrikan Body (Body Standart) Part 2<b>Komponen-Komponen Pendukung Rangkaian Sistem Kelistrikan Body </b><div><b><br /></b><div><b>1. Baterai</b></div><div> Baterai berfungsi sebagai sumber arus searah DC (Dirrect Current) pada sistem kelistrikan otomotif. Umumnya baterai yang digunakan sebagai sumber tenaga pada sistem kelistrikan otomotif mempunyai tegangan 12 Volt dan kapasitasnya berkisar 40–70 AH (Ampere Hour). <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/19.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="157" data-original-width="235" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/19.jpg" /></a></div></div><div>Baterai mempunyai 2 kutub, yaitu kutub (+) dan kutub (-). Kutub (+) diberi kode 30 dan kutub (-) atau minus diberi kode 31. </div><div><br /></div><div><b>2. Kunci Kontak (Switch) </b></div><div>Kelistrikan otomotif pada mobil menggunakan kunci kontak (Ignition Swtch) sebagai saklar utama yang menghubungkan semua sistem kelistrikan dengan sumber tenaga (baterai). <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="157" data-original-width="235" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/20.jpg" /></a></div></div><div>Kunci kontak mempunyai beberapa posisi, yaitu ; </div><div>Off : terputus dari sumber tegangan (baterai) </div><div>ACC : terhubung dengan arus baterai , tetapi hanya untuk kebutuhan accecoris </div><div>ON / IG : terhubung ke sistem pengapian (Ignition ) </div><div>START : untuk start </div><div><br /></div><div><b>Baca Juga</b> : <a href="#" id="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/blog-post.html" name="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/blog-post.html">Sistem kelistrikan Body Part 1</a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>3. Saklar </b></div><div>Saklar di atas dapat dioperasikan dengan cara menekan dan melepas atau menarik dan melepas sehingga kontak gerak akan berpindah dari 56a ke 56b atau sebaliknya. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/21.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="202" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/21.jpg" /></a></div></div><div>Bila saklar tersebut mempunyai 3 posisi berhenti, pada posisi tidak ditarik (posisi 0), tidak ada kontak yang berhubungan dengan 30 (+ baterai). Bila ditarik 2 kali (posisi 2), kontak 30 (+ Baterai) akan berhubungan dengan 56 (ke saklar dim). </div><div><br /></div><div><b>4. Sekring (fuse) </b></div><div>Sekring adalah suatu komponen kelistrikan yang berfungsi untuk membatasi beban arus yang berlebihan. Selain itu, untuk menghindari terjadinya kerusakan pada rangkaian saat terjadi konsleting atau hubungan singkat. Dengan adanya sekring (fuse) rangkaian kelistrikan, bola lampu, kabel-kabel, relay, fleser, dan yang lainnya tidak akan rusak bila terjadi kelebihan arus atau terjadi hubungan singkat karena sekring akan putus terlebih dahulu. Jenis sekring ada bermacam-macam, baik bentuk (konstruksi) maupun jenis filamennya.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/22.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="140" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/22.jpg" /></a></div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>5. Pengedip (Flase) </b></div><div>Pengedip (flaser) digunakan untuk memutus dan menghubungkan arus secara otomatis pada rangkaian lampu tanda belok sehingga lampu akan berkedip. Jenis pengedip (flaser) ada dua, yaitu jenis bimetal dan magnet. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/23.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="204" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/23.jpg" /></a></div></div><div><br /></div><div>Baca Juga : <a href="#" id="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/04/tune-up.html" name="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/04/tune-up.html">Tune Up</a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>6. Relay </b></div><div>Relay adalah saklar elektrik yang digunakan untuk memutus dan menghubungkan arus secara elektrik. Cara kerjanya, bila dialiri arus listrik, kumparan akan menjadi magnet sehingga kontak poin tertarik dan terhubung. </div><div>Ada dua jenis relay, yaitu relay bila dialiri arus listrik kontak poin akan terhubung dan relay bila dialiri arus listrik akan terputus.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/24.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="165" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/24.jpg" /></a></div> </div><div><br /></div><div><b>7. Kabel Penghubung </b></div><div>Kabel adalah suatu komponen yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan komponen satu dengan komponen yang lainnya yang terbuat dari tembaga dan diberi isolasi supaya tidak terjadi konseleting. Diameter kabel terdiri atas berbagai ukuran. Penggunaan kabel berbeda-beda ukurannya, bergantung pada berapa besar arus yang mengalir. Bila arus yang mengalir besar, berarti harus menggunakan kabel yang berdiameter besar, tetapi bila arus yang mengalir kecil, cukup menggunakan kabel yang berdiameter kecil.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/25.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="165" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/25.jpg" /></a></div></div><div><b>Baca Juga </b>: <a href="#" id="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/dasar-kelistrikan-otomotif.html" name="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/dasar-kelistrikan-otomotif.html">Dasar Kelistrikan</a></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Rangkaian Sistem Kelistrikan Body</h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>1. Rangkaian Lampu Kepala </b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: right;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/26.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="322" data-original-width="553" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/26.jpg" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div></div><div>Keterangan:
. . </div><div>1. Lampu kepala kiri</div><div>2. Lampu kepala kanan</div><div>3. Relay lampu kepala jarak dekat</div><div>4. Relay lampu jarak jauh </div><div>5. Saklar lampu jarak dekat dan jarak jauh</div><div>6. Saklar utama</div><div>7. Sekring</div><div>8. Fuse link</div><div>9. Bateray
</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><b>2. Rangkaian Lampu Kota</b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/27.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="381" data-original-width="553" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/27.jpg" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Keterangan : </div><div>1. Lampu kota kanan depan </div><div>2. Lampu kota kiri depan </div><div>3. Lampu kota kiri belakang </div><div>4. Lampu kota kanan belakang </div><div>5. Relay </div><div>6. Saklar </div><div>7. Sekring </div><div>8. Fuse link </div><div>9. Bateray</div><div><br /></div><b>3. Rangkaian Lampu Tanda Belok dan Lampu Hazzard </b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/28.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="553" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/28.jpg" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Keterangan : </div><div>1. Lampu tanda belok kiri (depan dan belakang) </div><div>2. Lampu tanda belok kanan (depan dan belakang) </div><div>3. Saklar lampu Hazzard </div><div>4. Saklar lampu tanda belok </div><div>5. Flasher (pengedip) </div><div>6. Sekring lampu tanda belok </div><div>7. Sekring lampu Hazzard </div><div>8. Kunci kontak </div><div>9. Lampu kontrol tanda belok </div><div><br /></div><div><b>Baca Juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pendingin-sebelum.html">Pemeriksaan sistem Pendingin </a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>4. Rangkaian Lampu Rem </b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/29.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="205" data-original-width="553" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/29.jpg" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Keterangan: </div><div>1. Lampu Rem kiri </div><div>2. lampu rem kanan </div><div>3. Switch </div><div>4. Sekring </div><div>5. Baterai </div><div>30. Arus dari Baterei</div><div>54. plus baterai</div><div>55. lampu rem</div><div><br /></div><div><br />
<iframe frameborder="0" height="956" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" src="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdN61cUmwBQMnMwViW2EXDCbm3hFr6GPj3wiUvGMQfKCGRPPA/viewform?embedded=true" width="640">Memuat…</iframe>
</div><div><br /></div><div>Sumber :</div><div>Toyota New Step</div><div><a href="#" id="m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id" name="m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id">m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id</a></div></div>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-46765821104640277802020-08-02T18:35:00.007-07:002020-08-04T09:11:19.856-07:00Sistem Kelistrikan Body (Body Standart) Part 1Sebelum melanjutkan belajarnya, harap mengisi daftar hadir berikut :<div><br /></div><div><b>
<iframe frameborder="0" height="300" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" src="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeZn8xPKsJcX396q-iKBeOSgZLqtWwRbXeMsp-F6uvdEwSEKw/viewform?embedded=true" width="500">Memuat…</iframe> </b></div><div><br /></div><div>Sistem kelistrikan body adalah instalasi dari berbagai rangkaian penerangan pada kendaraan. Rangkaian sistem kelistrikan body tersebut, antara lain sistem penerangan lampu kepala, lampu kota, lampu tanda belok, lampu hazzard, lampu plat nomor, lampu rem, dan lampu mundur. <div><br /></div><div>Fungsi Sistem Kelistrikan Body
Fungsi sistem kelistrikan body adalah sebagai penerangan pada kendaraan untuk memberikan tanda-tanda kepada pengendara lain pada saat akan membelok maupun akan berhenti sehingga pengendara akan aman dari kecelakaan. selain itu, juga untuk memberikan indikator pada pengendara contoh lampu tanda belok ke kanan ataupun kiri sudah menyala, kondisi bahan bakar masih banyak atau sudah habis dan lain-lain.
</div><div style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></div><div style="font-weight: bold;">Baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/07/dasar-kelistrikan-otomotif.html">Dasar Kelistrikan</a></div><div style="font-weight: bold;"><b><br /></b></div><div style="font-weight: bold;"><b>Bagian-Bagian Sistem Kelistrikan Body</b></div></div><div><b>1. Lampu Kepala </b></div><div>Lampu ini ditempatkan di depan kendaraan, berfungsi untuk menerangi jalan pada malam hari. Umumnya lampu kepala dilengkapi lampu jarak jauh dan jarak dekat. Nyala lampu jarak jauh dan jarak dekat dikontrol oleh dimmer switch. Lampu kepala menyala bersamaan dengan lampu belakang melalui saklar tarik atau putar. Lampu kepala yang dipakai ada dua tipe, yaitu tipe sealed beam dan bola lampu. Jenis Sealed beam banyak dipakai pada kendaraan yang kostruksinya filamen, kaca dan reflektornya menjadi satu kesatuan. Tipe bola lampu banyak digunakan sebagai lampu depan pada Kendaraan.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/08.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="173" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/08.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><b>2. Lampu Kota </b><div>Lampu kota (lampu posisi) pada kendaraan bermotor dapat dinyalakan sendiri dan dapat juga menyala bila lampu kepala dinyalakan. Tujuannya adalah bila malam hari atau gelap, pengendara atau orang lain dapat dengan cepat mengetahui lebar atau tinggi kendaraan (untuk kendaraan jenis truk dan bus).
Karena kegunaannya untuk mengetahui lebar dan tinggi kendaraan, posisi lampu kota harus berada di bagian ujung dari bagian yang terlebar dan tertinggi dari kendaraan .
Ada beberapa lampu pada kendaraan yang dapat menyala bersama lampu kota atau posisi, di antaranya lampu penerangan papan instrumen dan lampu plat nomor bagian belakang.
Arus lampu plat nomor selalu dihubungkan dengan lampu kota sebelah kanan dengan maksud bila lampu kota sebelah kanan belakang mati atau tidak menyala, masih ada tanda yang lain tentang lebar kendaraan.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/10.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="182" data-original-width="567" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/10.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Baca Juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/01/buku-manual-sepeda-motor.html">Buku Manual Sepeda motor</a></div><div><br /></div><b>3. Lampu Tanda </b><div>Belok
Lampu tanda belok atau sein dan lampu hazzard adalah dua sistem tanda yang berbeda, tetapi menggunakan komponen yang sama.
Sistem ini terdiri atas empat buah bola lampu berwarna kuning, yaitu : </div><div>- bola lampu kiri depan</div><div>- bola lampu kiri belakang</div><div>- bola lampu kanan depan</div><div>- bola lampu kanan belakang </div><div><br /></div><div> Agar sistem tanda ini berfungsi dengan baik, lampu-lampu tersebut harus dapat menyala dan berkedip sempurna, yaitu selama 1 menit adalah 60 kali kedipan.
Hal ini bisa terjadi bila arus yang masuk ke bola lampu berupa arus putus-hubung yang diperoleh dari alat pengedip (flasher).</div><div><br /></div><div>Bila saklar lampu tanda belok dioperasikan ke kiri atau ke kanan, lampu yang berkedip kiri saja atau kanan saja. Saklar tersebut biasanya terletak di bawah lingkar kemudi dan dirakit di batang kemudi. Bila saklar lampu hazzard dioperasikan atau difungsikan, lampu yang berkedip adalah kiri dan kanan secara bersamaan. Saklar lampu hazzard biasanya terletak di bagian batang kemudi sebelah depan.
</div><div><br /></div><div>Perbedaan kedua sistem tersebut adalah dari fungsinya, lampu tanda belok dipergunakan bila kendaraan akan mengubah arah atau berbelok, sedangkan lampu hazzard digunakan bila dalam keadaan bahaya. Misalnya mobil sedang menarik atau ditarik mobil lain, mobil berhenti darurat karena ada kerusakan. Oleh karena itu, lampu hazzard harus dapat dinyalakan tanpa harus menyalakan kunci kontak.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/14.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="182" data-original-width="567" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/14.jpg" /></a></div><div><br /></div><b>4. Lampu Rem </b><div>Lampu rem pada kendaraan bermotor biasanya berwarna merah dan ditempatkan di bagian belakang yang menyatu dengan lampu kota atau posisi. Daya rem harus lebih besar daripada lampu posisi. Misalnya bola lampu dobel filamen dengan tulisan 8/21 w 12V berarti daya lampu kota 8 w dan lampu rem 21 W dengan tujuan pada saat lampu kota atau posisi menyala dan mobil sedang direm, akan terjadi perubahan sinar lampu terlihat menyala lebih terang.
Lampu rem akan selalu menyala bila pedal rem diinjak karena pada saat pedal rem diinjak, tekanan tuas pedal rem cenderung ke posisi atas (tidak mengerem).<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/15.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="173" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/15.jpg" /></a><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/16.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="256" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/16.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Baca Juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2018/01/buku-manual-all-vehicle.html">Buku Manual Semua Kendaraan</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div></div></div><b>5. Lampu Mundur </b><div>Lampu mundur pada kendaraan bermotor berfungsi di samping untuk memberi tanda mundur pada kendaraan yang berada di belakangnya, juga berfungsi untuk menerangi bagian belakang mobil tersebut. Agar nyala lampu tersebut bisa dibedakan dengan lampu yang lain, warna dari lampu mundur adalah putih. Supaya dapat terlihat jelas pada jarak yang cukup jauh, daya lampu yang terpasang sebesar 23 Watt.
Lampu mundur hanya dapat menyala bila mesin hidup ( kunci kontak “ON” ) dan gigi transmisi pada posisi mundur.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/18.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="481" src="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/medukasi/produk-files/kontenonline/online2008/sistemkelistrikanbodi/images/18.jpg" /></a></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><h3 style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>Selanjutnya : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/08/sistem-kelistrikan-body-body-standart.html">Sistem Kelistrikan Body (Body Standart) Part 2</a></b></h3><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sumber : </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">New Step Toyota</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/">https://m-edukasi.kemdikbud.go.id/</a></div>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-63975858788892293352020-07-20T17:54:00.002-07:002020-08-04T09:26:11.982-07:00Sejenak direnungkan<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj425tqt3d3wb6RWvrBM9zzaL7QZ_T795-LhYZzcs1_NpbS9HmwDwGi3sj7RBZ_ExSWB3ahTxdMVAI9tcEKqO3tGzhobkgmO81n3dyx7KUNBXFA4oSgq8lDryS8153CIrNSqk0fWXIa3-EO/s1600/pepatah.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj425tqt3d3wb6RWvrBM9zzaL7QZ_T795-LhYZzcs1_NpbS9HmwDwGi3sj7RBZ_ExSWB3ahTxdMVAI9tcEKqO3tGzhobkgmO81n3dyx7KUNBXFA4oSgq8lDryS8153CIrNSqk0fWXIa3-EO/s1600/pepatah.jpg" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; line-height: 23px;">Berkaca pada diri sendiri: Ilmu yang saya pelajari hingga saat ini tidaklah tinggi, pengetahuan yang saya tahu pun relatif sedikit. Apalagi bila dilihat dari pengalaman, jelas saya masih miskin! Tetapi kenapa tetap saja menulis? Apakah tidak malu bila ada yang mengatakan saya ini cuma tong kosong? Apakah tidak malu bila dikatakan cuma banyak bicara saja</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; line-height: 23px; text-align: justify;">? Apakah tidak takut dikritik oleh orang yang mumpuni di bidang ini?</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 23px;"><br /></span></span></span>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuS9v127qmRuA0T4Sg4p_6NkSOQT7FfchqJYCWN5gDZT06L2MTEIBYZR07zKZWxpukLib_9pA_TxPY5vsH_ePA5gz_k9Br7QsEOlkWiAmJ5zWSdPktdLM4WQAZExc_Roz7J7IIpYJgiOcd/s1600/padi.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuS9v127qmRuA0T4Sg4p_6NkSOQT7FfchqJYCWN5gDZT06L2MTEIBYZR07zKZWxpukLib_9pA_TxPY5vsH_ePA5gz_k9Br7QsEOlkWiAmJ5zWSdPktdLM4WQAZExc_Roz7J7IIpYJgiOcd/s200/padi.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><b>Masih ingatkah </b></span></span></span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br /></b>
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 19px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">dengan ilmu padi?</span> </b></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; line-height: 19px;"><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;">Semakin tinggi ilmunya semakin rendah hatinya, </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">kalau sudah pandai jangan sombong, selalulah rendah hat</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">i.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"> Tentu hal itu juga mengingatkan kita bahwa " Ketika kita sudah berada di atas ternyata masih ada yang lebih tinggi lagi dari kita, ketika kita merasa paling di bawah ternyata masih ada yang lebih terbawah."</span></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS1THcSHfvVDC_LLL_FmIfT1ybXmTbnuU11rf_S7-gqE-LyP0g8VC1k0ov1HmT36sqRRMpeJZmCOYF8j6oXQCfIYycXK__ZJ17E_OHSFKb7pTejiieXJFu56-SNGKXvCt-aQHftEaJ9jq0/s1600/belajar.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS1THcSHfvVDC_LLL_FmIfT1ybXmTbnuU11rf_S7-gqE-LyP0g8VC1k0ov1HmT36sqRRMpeJZmCOYF8j6oXQCfIYycXK__ZJ17E_OHSFKb7pTejiieXJFu56-SNGKXvCt-aQHftEaJ9jq0/s200/belajar.jpg" width="176" /></a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Untuk itu janganlah kamu bosan-bosan mencari ilmu yang setinggi-tingginya namun jangan lupa berbagi pada teman-teman kamu yang masih kurang</span>.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;">Selamat Belajar </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;">Sukses selalu untuk kamu</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;">Mari Mulai Belajar <b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html">DISINI</a> </span></b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.co.id/p/materi_7.html" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="40" data-original-width="81" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJWK_kLHM7PoFs4IEpN_fGs0maOA0YH86FKgbpEXiPq1WO8p9mSYOoDMK8GRMySZQS_VlOIzwuW5079UjCKzkcXziSFFMJ8oC8KiP6SB7lU6PlBR62_IqvesJSpO6qtF60uXOFNcqHmdXj/s1600/materi.png" /></a><span id="goog_716904750"></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/"></a><span id="goog_716904751"></span></span></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><b>Salam Belajar Otomotif</b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><b>Belajar On-Line tanpa Terbatas Jarak dan Waktu</b></span></div>
</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-50310181077181049242020-07-19T21:35:00.004-07:002020-07-21T16:57:43.556-07:00Dasar Kelistrikan Otomotif<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Sistem kelistrikan termasuk salah satu sistem yang ada pada teknik otomotif. Sistem kelistrikan memang menjadi salah satu sistem yang paling merasakan perkembangan yang signifikan dibanding dengan sistem yang lain pada kendaraan. Wajar jika hari ini hampir semua sistem penambahan yang ada pada kendaraan menggunakan sensor dan bekerja secara otomatis.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><b>baca juga : </b></span><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2018/01/buku-manual-all-vehicle.html">Buku manual semua kendaraan</a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4kTHkporOXxnyw5aMMHc94ddV66YifRT_or8uhOHJ7g6iGAV2NBAt2I8ZEJYDLaVybtzjtfLU-ivTq2MhXeVRwB_JMmnsh_YLQDjw44OQDRiUVs_TRqpc9MKIVGmPCiT2ys3twTG3ZxLU/s640/kelistrikan_body.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="456" data-original-width="640" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4kTHkporOXxnyw5aMMHc94ddV66YifRT_or8uhOHJ7g6iGAV2NBAt2I8ZEJYDLaVybtzjtfLU-ivTq2MhXeVRwB_JMmnsh_YLQDjw44OQDRiUVs_TRqpc9MKIVGmPCiT2ys3twTG3ZxLU/s400/kelistrikan_body.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: raleway, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Sistem kelistrikan termasuk dalam sistem yang ada pada teknik otomotif. Sistem kelistrikan memang menjadi salah satu sistem yang paling merasakan perkembangan yang signifikan dibanding dengan sistem yang lain pada kendaraan. Wajar jika hari ini hampir semua sistem penambahan yang ada pada kendaraan menggunakan sensor dan bekerja secara otomatis. Pada kendaraan terdapat beberapa sistem kelistrikan, yaitu : Sistem Kelistrikan Body Standard (sistem Penerangan), Sistem Pengapian, Sistem Starter, Sistem Pengisian, Sistem AC (Air Conditioning), Sistem Audio, dan Sistem Pengamanan Kendaraan, serta kelengkapan Asesoris kendaraan. Semua sistem tersebut terhubung dalam sebuah jaringan, yaitu jaringan kabel. Jadi jaringan kabel pada sistem kelistrikan disini berfungsi untuk mengubungkan semua komponen yang ada pada sistem kelistrikan kendaraan.</span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Dasar-dasar kelistrikan otomotif menjadi kunci dasar kita untuk dapat membaca wirring diagram pada buku pentunjuk perbaikan sebuah kendaraan, menganalisa kerusakan dan menentukan dimana komponen kelistrikan itu berada. Berikut teori mengenai dasar-dasar kelistrikan yang ada pada mobil.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><b>Baca juga : </b></span><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2018/01/buku-manual-all-vehicle.html">Buku Manual Sepeda Motor</a><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"></span><b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1. Rangkaian kelistrikan</b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">a. Rangkaian Seri</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigBlNo0oAs9IW8blrdyBA2Shz3NhYc_M-7RwE0ahGzGA9gQzlDoYXlgnsCMZadFDh7MTdEnAwIH24NPZOuxsfOWW2SjAaGs2RKW7EGEPFG-5IiuCaKDLSLihdyeGlNR2uNZmCnUrrQ1hog/s320/rangkaian_seri.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="185" data-original-width="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigBlNo0oAs9IW8blrdyBA2Shz3NhYc_M-7RwE0ahGzGA9gQzlDoYXlgnsCMZadFDh7MTdEnAwIH24NPZOuxsfOWW2SjAaGs2RKW7EGEPFG-5IiuCaKDLSLihdyeGlNR2uNZmCnUrrQ1hog/s320/rangkaian_seri.png" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">b. Rangkaian Paralel</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxc7zOnNRtpoc2EUjqb0Y7IAkEqpzGVPMUgfpilBxvZHFSYTc476RRZGMxpPFPyZ33U50ZF4A7vkBDhl5e3bmR_Qh0kf5vYAk69GmhJcER2yRNvXnl7hihY7AybOejBoigti4ZxI3gX2Dm/s320/rangkaian_paralel.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxc7zOnNRtpoc2EUjqb0Y7IAkEqpzGVPMUgfpilBxvZHFSYTc476RRZGMxpPFPyZ33U50ZF4A7vkBDhl5e3bmR_Qh0kf5vYAk69GmhJcER2yRNvXnl7hihY7AybOejBoigti4ZxI3gX2Dm/s320/rangkaian_paralel.png" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Pada kendaraan, hampir semua menerapkan rangkaian kelistrikan menggunakan rangkaian paralel. Hal ini bertujuan agar tegangan yang dibagi kesetiap komponen kelistrikan sama besarnya dengan sumber tegangan listrik. Selain itu, dengan menerapkan rangkian paralel maka penggunaan kabel dapat lebih hemat. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2. Simbol Komponen - Komponen Kelistrikan</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzVXQDyGVhXWDpLr6MQLDce64VAEY1WH4JtIhH57inctoXZrOe8vsbmdXsn13YFg1HMmM873ce13MhPeRHqJlyBVA8z6IN1nX53Hme3Uu-c0nPnlIB0RUfQKfaHcgjXdT70DDOYWaYByEv/s320/simbol_kelistrikan_body.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="229" data-original-width="320" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzVXQDyGVhXWDpLr6MQLDce64VAEY1WH4JtIhH57inctoXZrOe8vsbmdXsn13YFg1HMmM873ce13MhPeRHqJlyBVA8z6IN1nX53Hme3Uu-c0nPnlIB0RUfQKfaHcgjXdT70DDOYWaYByEv/s400/simbol_kelistrikan_body.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Komponen - komponen kelistrikan memiliki simbol yang berbeda - beda. Tujuan dibuatnya simbol ini adalah untuk memudahkan kita dalam memahami rangkaian kelistrikan yang ada di buku manual perbaikan. Selain itu, simbol kelistrikan juga menjadi petunjuk setiap komponen pada buku manual perbaikan.</span></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">3. Membaca Kode Soket</b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgokjtsPwtPP0R3rOJE2EoAlYCa0bhY6pIXEj0jmuOx1ULgSajA6qv-YKOjy7P2WkseNdagbD4xQbs8MDMUHyN6sQDv-lGRijTjoJAcUp5Nji8osi2F4qO5bIDBGUaSnMwFx8uOonBiIdiE/s320/simbol_konector.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="284" data-original-width="320" height="355" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgokjtsPwtPP0R3rOJE2EoAlYCa0bhY6pIXEj0jmuOx1ULgSajA6qv-YKOjy7P2WkseNdagbD4xQbs8MDMUHyN6sQDv-lGRijTjoJAcUp5Nji8osi2F4qO5bIDBGUaSnMwFx8uOonBiIdiE/s400/simbol_konector.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Soket mempunyai bentuk dan jenis yang berbeda - beda. Perbedaan soket dapat kita lihat dari kode yang terdapat pada setiap soket pada buku manual perbaikan.</span></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Baca juga :</span></b></b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/mobil-mobil-produksi-terbaru-saat-ini.html">Pertolongan pertama pada mobil mogok</a><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">4.Warna Kabel</b></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghg_U6gO4FTo3B1MaINpjik_Ocrw76TB0kqa6jMSzq5ENLCK3ny6XC7HB8LGgvAvMWoy8P-iZuhT8HRm9RlbU0yTBpjwEMY0pHs-KM44bsm5fjBhVN49NodgnNurzZFZQGq2wibhspVKaf/s320/simbol_warna_kabel.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghg_U6gO4FTo3B1MaINpjik_Ocrw76TB0kqa6jMSzq5ENLCK3ny6XC7HB8LGgvAvMWoy8P-iZuhT8HRm9RlbU0yTBpjwEMY0pHs-KM44bsm5fjBhVN49NodgnNurzZFZQGq2wibhspVKaf/s320/simbol_warna_kabel.png" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Kabel yang ada pada rangkian kelistrikan mempunyai warna yang berbeda - beda serta diameter yang berbeda juga. Namun, perbedaan yang tertulis pada buku manual hanyalah pewarnaannya saja. Sedangkan diameter kabel tidak pernah mempunyai kode. Pewarnaan kabel yang dibuat berbeda bertujuan untuk memudahkan mekanik dalam melakukan perbaikan untuk mengukur hubungan kabel.</span><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></b><span style="font-weight: 400;"></span><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">5. Membaca Soket</b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdqzg8ufZIxbrXEe9748t5SwTsUnzaqhNqnUs5dkVF7jM8iQlK_aAYpBY-CqhL14jlnvKi5O40K15eYd17N-RIXQ3d6_ACbc2PHk1wo4H_gtPOeBH8kBu_Dss7hl0Npl3lLSlbEFyKHZ97/s320/membaca_soket.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdqzg8ufZIxbrXEe9748t5SwTsUnzaqhNqnUs5dkVF7jM8iQlK_aAYpBY-CqhL14jlnvKi5O40K15eYd17N-RIXQ3d6_ACbc2PHk1wo4H_gtPOeBH8kBu_Dss7hl0Npl3lLSlbEFyKHZ97/s320/membaca_soket.png" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Soket terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu soket betina ( female ) dan soket jantan ( male ). Kedua soket mempunyai cara pembacaan yang berbeda. Soket betina dibaca dari sisi atas sebelah kiri ke kanan ke bawah. Sedangkan soket jantan dibaca dari baca dari kanan atas ke bawah. Hal serius yang perlu diperhatikan adalah bahwa dalam pembacaan ini pengunci soket harus berada pada posisi diatas.</span></b></b></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">6. Tempat Fuse ( Fuse Box )</b></b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV3cMlrge1jlE_gk3XQYXe-3SBsN5_m89BHIqvp9mJ7sFFYsFtUZ6pUcYd4PtGsqIDqJP0FUaWQG93V4lq6UGa4J9U9glL_N3b05m55pxG-PFpLWJ8RbV0N0bDA_dDx40-vJUuVi3aEeb3/s320/komponen_penghubung.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="218" data-original-width="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV3cMlrge1jlE_gk3XQYXe-3SBsN5_m89BHIqvp9mJ7sFFYsFtUZ6pUcYd4PtGsqIDqJP0FUaWQG93V4lq6UGa4J9U9glL_N3b05m55pxG-PFpLWJ8RbV0N0bDA_dDx40-vJUuVi3aEeb3/s320/komponen_penghubung.png" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fuse box atau kotak sekering biasanya terdapat pada rumah mesin bagian depan kanan. Namun ini bukan satu-satunya tempat untuk menyimpan fuse, terkadang ada juga yang terletak didalam kabin. Untuk mengetahui dimana letak fuse box, bacalah buku pentunjuk tentang ini. Karena setiap kendaraan mempunyai tempat yang berbeda - beda.</span></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">baca juga : </b></b></b></b></b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/04/tune-up.html">tune-up</a><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">7.Komponen Penghubung</b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFQOEugd5bvA3HSiOGFnjq_M0nstsRqqUJ4WdMUdrQygCgHVJUZyS9wwVTJv8byOUGnYDwHgBjg30bRnFE_OXomdBbrmAed3RBKt0_P6QXpt5UNgHiqbTBj7RUSoQkXzo2daeVl_aqicWs/s320/jenis_jenis_soket.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="219" data-original-width="320" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFQOEugd5bvA3HSiOGFnjq_M0nstsRqqUJ4WdMUdrQygCgHVJUZyS9wwVTJv8byOUGnYDwHgBjg30bRnFE_OXomdBbrmAed3RBKt0_P6QXpt5UNgHiqbTBj7RUSoQkXzo2daeVl_aqicWs/s320/jenis_jenis_soket.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Komponen penghubung mempumyai bentuk yang berbeda - beda. Namun semuanya mempunyai fungsi yang sama yaitu menghubungkan komponen - komponen kelistrikan.</span><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">8. Jenis - Jenis Fuse</b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXtMnDp9r3SfjHTYEmwALhTXYJfouYkxvX9EvhIKvKsncuHAgOMLfxNAJnnWDCAreIFTt-eJj55xa7H09z1g0ro1y7IL1LnYZOU8N3Hj4mIy8LRKJhlSAHiAeDKJkq7n8eNiSvNWLLjC0S/s320/jenis_jenis_fuse_sekering.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="218" data-original-width="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXtMnDp9r3SfjHTYEmwALhTXYJfouYkxvX9EvhIKvKsncuHAgOMLfxNAJnnWDCAreIFTt-eJj55xa7H09z1g0ro1y7IL1LnYZOU8N3Hj4mIy8LRKJhlSAHiAeDKJkq7n8eNiSvNWLLjC0S/s320/jenis_jenis_fuse_sekering.png" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fuse atau sekering mempunyai bentuk dan jenis yang berbeda - beda. Secara fungsi sama yaitu</span><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="font-weight: 400;">sebagai pengamanan sistem kelistrikan untuk mencegah konsleting yang diakibatkan oleh arus besar .</span><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9. Warna Pada Fuse</b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPDk5CLWbhOMx2iT-UcH0_4bqtugpxkjUD5Fl6J1Q_dzL2C6hNhH1m98QzeNZHM_8_hhJSGizvxVVile7Yzj2qiW8W32EAx-Tv03tBcGcJWgWDHWatNJd1bNRCKbAzlDw7nuBMHth9aD8z/s320/warna_pada_fuse.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="219" data-original-width="320" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPDk5CLWbhOMx2iT-UcH0_4bqtugpxkjUD5Fl6J1Q_dzL2C6hNhH1m98QzeNZHM_8_hhJSGizvxVVile7Yzj2qiW8W32EAx-Tv03tBcGcJWgWDHWatNJd1bNRCKbAzlDw7nuBMHth9aD8z/s400/warna_pada_fuse.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Warna pada fuse menunjukkan kapasitas arus yang dapat mengalir pada fuse tersebut. Pewarnaan pada fuse berfungsi untuk memudahkan kita dalam mengukur kapasitas arus pada fuse. Selain warna, biasanya pada fuse juga terdapat angka yang ada pada bagian atasnya.</span></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pengapian.html" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400;">Pemeriksaan sistem pengapian</a><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10. Circuit Breaker</b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFfigubvUGxjP8SORMJTeb3H6z49_tDt4pMlqOfPxGUW_cnBRsVqSmpIgdRmf2maKAVST0AoDmz1UT8qIuVqO58GKjFFUs35sa2SbF8K-MGeXMNnp16D1ZjnMzqM5bbEreSHoZmaYklErq/s320/sirkuit_pemotong.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="212" data-original-width="320" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFfigubvUGxjP8SORMJTeb3H6z49_tDt4pMlqOfPxGUW_cnBRsVqSmpIgdRmf2maKAVST0AoDmz1UT8qIuVqO58GKjFFUs35sa2SbF8K-MGeXMNnp16D1ZjnMzqM5bbEreSHoZmaYklErq/s400/sirkuit_pemotong.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Circuit breaker mempunyai fungsi yang sama dengan fuse. Namun bedanya, jika fuse putus harus diganti dengan yang baru sedangkan pada circuit breaker hany cukup ditekan kembali saklar bagian atasnya.</span></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b>
<b style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #393939; font-family: Raleway, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Sumber : </span></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b><br />
<span style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://ouo.io/iWGXKd">lksotomotif.com</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #393939; font-family: "raleway" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Toyota New Step</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-477000737302912109" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; height: auto !important; line-height: 1.65em; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div id="body-post-it" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; height: auto !important; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="separator" style="border: 0px; clear: both; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-2223560984922461272020-03-05T17:51:00.002-08:002020-03-05T17:59:28.861-08:00Simulasi UNBK onlineBagi anda yang sedang mencari contoh soal UNBK online, berikut salah satu contoh<b> simulasi UNBK TKR 2018/2019 </b>yang mungkin bisa membantu anda. <iframe frameborder="0" height="615" id="proprofs" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="proprofs" src="https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=simulasi-unbk-soal-teori-kejuruan-stk-otomotif-smk-mak-tahun-20182019&id=2363166&ew=430" width="550"></iframe><br />
<div style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10px; text-align: left;">
<h2>
<b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2020/03/simulasi-unbk-online.html">>>> COBA LAGI <<<</a></b></h2>
<h2>
<b><br /></b>SELAMAT MENCOBA DAN SELAMAT MENGERJAKAN</h2>
<div>
<b>sumber : <a href="https://ouo.io/Op3Dc0">https://www.proprofs.com/</a></b></div>
</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-67175333010215289472019-10-22T18:39:00.001-07:002019-10-22T18:44:23.544-07:00SISTEM PENGISIANSistem pengisian pada kendaraan merupkan bagian yang tak kalah penting dari sistem yang lainnya. Dengan adanya sistem ini, kendaraan memungkinkan tetap bisa beroperasi sesuai kebutuhan. Apalagi kendaraan modern yang penuh dengan sistem elektronika, mau tidak mau suplay energi listrik tidak boleh telat. Jika sistem kelistrikan bermasalah sedikit saja, maka bukan tidak mungkin kendaraan tidak mau dioperasikan.<br />
<img alt="Gambar terkait" height="225" src="https://cdn1-production-images-kly.akamaized.net/IFXHNLXtjvC7aQ01NDXf87F3zIs=/640x360/smart/filters:quality(75):strip_icc():format(jpeg)/kly-media-production/medias/1752010/original/071879000_1509024412-BMW2.jpg" width="400" /><br />
<b>Baca Juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pengapian.html" target="_blank">Sistem Pengapian</a></b><br />
<br />
Yang perlu diketahui, fungsi dari sistem pengisian adalah : Mengisi kembali baterai agar baterai tetap terisi penuh terutama setelah mesin di start dan Suplay arus bagi sistem kelistrikan kendaraan. jadi sudah jelas bukan bahwa peran sistem pengisian sangat penting bagi kendaraan.<br />
<br />
Pada kendaraan, Sistem pengisian ada dua macam, yaitu pengisian dengan Regulator Mekanik, dan pengisian dengan Regulator IC. Berikut beda secara umum dari keduanya :<br />
<br />
<b>Sistem pengisian dengan Regulator mekanik</b><br />
<br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk gambar sistem pengisian konvensional" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_zBU9bP2VMimmE9EWLpPtqUQwjjsqwaV6dUUnOQKbIShM8TfrDLLERMNZZg2A8_U_p4lYWb-gth1vK3qrgo6oJ6xA9bkfGtoVknk4BVeDO-iU3lCNIS1eVI5o7s2WS3OBuUnTmAy8snY/s640/sistem-pengisian.png" /><br />
<br />
Pada sistem pengisian ini, letak regulator terpisah dari alternator atau Dinamo Ampere dan hal ini memudahkan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan komoponen dan yang pasti regulator jenis ini dapat disetel apabila pengisian kurang memuaskan atau kurang sesuai. Jenis ini memiliki kekurangan yakni rangkaian menjadi lebih rumit, Kuat arus yang dihasilkan lebih kecil, dan ukuran yang cenderung lebih besar.<br />
<br />
<img alt="Gambar terkait" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz_gbCBIg4TNQUDj-cVCVI9CXE3VD8LmyA2RYwFd-R4I4JHl1NSXjEUJTtTXgWILQAYiitWF13LaNTxcWKkIDX3mahU46PozI6LTiqYx7JVZcTxrp0Q79g1bcTphT3M25Hv5KVWvdK3z4Q/s400/cara-kerja-sistem-pengisian+ON.png" width="400" /><br />
<br />
<b>Baca Juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/mobil-mobil-produksi-terbaru-saat-ini.html" target="_blank">Pertolongan Pertama Mobil Injeksi Mogok</a></b><br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Sistem pengisian dengan Regulator IC</b><br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk gambar sistem pengisian konvensional" height="259" src="https://fuadmje.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/rangkaian-sistem-pengisian-ic-regulator.png" width="400" /><br />
Pada sistem pengisian ini, memiliki kelebihan yang pada rangkaian yang lebih ringkas, kuat arus yang lebih stabil dan lebih besar, dan ukuran yang lebih kecil. Namun bukan berarti tidak memiliki kekurangan, tentunya dengan memanfaatkan perangkat elektronik, jika ada kerusakan atau masalah pada regulator, maka harus langsung diganti.<br />
<br />
jika ingin lebih detail lagi, silahkan klik <a href="https://ouo.io/Ps9Sm8" target="_blank">>>> DONWNLOAD<<< </a>untuk penjelasan yang lebih rinci.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Baca Juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pendingin-sebelum.html" target="_blank">Pemeriksaan sistem pendingin</a></b>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-51204586337197336242019-04-15T20:59:00.002-07:002019-04-15T21:02:32.026-07:00TUNE UPMendengar kata Tune up mungkin tidak asing lagi bagi telinga kita dan tetunya langsung tertuju pada yang namanya Mesin kendaran. Tune Up adalah pekerjaan servis ringan mesin yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan performa mesin yang maximal, dan juga menjaga agar mesin tetap dalam kondisi yang baik dan prima. Karena mesin dioperasikan secara terus menerus, maka akan memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan peforma mesin.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8dCQAF8mO4ZuZPq8kmid9tflGC-DREIPOc4l2GF7AlbBud_2AC8hCS-f5Heffpx6illI2V4pzbK5RbAwthOFTfuUs2qvruSvXnuQFCrSifZbdIflWsdaJ76uEs45qcdd4NSl23xjEq_8/s1600/pengertian-tune-up.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="447" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8dCQAF8mO4ZuZPq8kmid9tflGC-DREIPOc4l2GF7AlbBud_2AC8hCS-f5Heffpx6illI2V4pzbK5RbAwthOFTfuUs2qvruSvXnuQFCrSifZbdIflWsdaJ76uEs45qcdd4NSl23xjEq_8/s320/pengertian-tune-up.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
Berikut ini komponen dan sistem sistem dalam engine atau mobil yang diperiksa, disetel, diperbaiki, dirawat dan atau diganti komponennya dalam pekerjaan tune up adalah :<br />
1. Pemeriksaan sistem pendingin.<br />
2. Pemeriksaan tali kipas.<br />
3. Pembersihan saringan udara.<br />
4. Pemeriksaan baterai.<br />
5. Pemeriksaan kabel tegangan tinggi.<br />
6. Pemeriksaan oli mesin.<br />
7. Pemeriksaan busi.<br />
8. Pemeriksaan distributor.<br />
9. Penyetelan celah katup.<br />
10. Pemeriksaan karburator.<br />
11. Penyetelan campuran dan putaran idle<br />
12. DLL
<br />
<br />
Berikut ini >><a href="https://ouo.io/69SP20" target="_blank">LANGKAH-LANGKAH TUNE UP</a> <<yang dapat kami bagikan. atau langsung <a href="https://ouo.io/69SP20" target="_blank">DOWNLOAD</a> <a href="https://ouo.io/69SP20" target="_blank">di sini</a>TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-27128600745091430942019-02-10T22:30:00.002-08:002019-02-10T22:30:46.792-08:00Pemeriksaan sistem pengapian konvensional (platina)Mendengar kata sistem Pengapian, tentu ada kaitannya dengan metode penyalaan pada mesin yang digunakan untuk membakar campuran bahan bakar dan udara khususnya pada mesin bensin.<br />
<br />
Kinerja sistem pengapian sangat besar pengaruhnya terhadap kesempurnaan proses pembakaran didalam silinder, dengan sistem pengapian yang baik akan diperoleh performa mesin optimal dan pemakaian bahan bakar yang hemat. Agar kinerja sistem pengapian selalu dalam kondisi baik maka sistem ini perlu dirawat dengan baik. Perawatan sistem pengapian dengan cara membersihkan, melumasi dan menyetel komponen atau sistem.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pemeriksaan-sistem-pendingin-sebelum.html" target="_blank">pemeriksaan sistem pendingin</a><br />
<br />
Bagi pemilik kendaraan perawatan dapat dilakukan sendiri dengan alat yang terdapat pada kelengkapan kendaraan. Alat dan bahan yang diperlukan untuk melakukan perawatan antara lain:
1. Bahan : Grease, amplas
2. Alat : Kunci busi, kunci ring 10, 12, 19, obeng (+) dan obeng (-), feeler gauge, lampu 12V dengan dua kabel, multimeter.<br />
<br />
<b>Memeriksa secara visual kelainan pada komponen dan rangkaian sistem pengapian</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBIMtM2StrlqXKpyhZAVzfiq8I4TKS_QU_mCeftwWMtltoYfqAmA9j6NfTNZMn-pruo3Jb-9Fp9zmnRM0EO_ZWmrZKxHiGN05Q-OxTU_a0hp4nT6d8gc0JEHnFKQvseq8kiPhylgcGMxIu/s1600/Sistem+Pengapian+Konvensional.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="326" data-original-width="526" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBIMtM2StrlqXKpyhZAVzfiq8I4TKS_QU_mCeftwWMtltoYfqAmA9j6NfTNZMn-pruo3Jb-9Fp9zmnRM0EO_ZWmrZKxHiGN05Q-OxTU_a0hp4nT6d8gc0JEHnFKQvseq8kiPhylgcGMxIu/s320/Sistem+Pengapian+Konvensional.PNG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<br />
Periksa komponen sistem pengapian secara visual dari:<br />
a. Elektrolit baterai kurang, terminal baterai dari sambungan kotor, kabel putus atau terbakar<br />
b. Koil pengapian dari terminal kotor, kabel kendor, putus, terbakar atau bodi retak<br />
c. Distributor retak, kotor, terminal aus dan pemasangan kurang baik<br />
d. Kabel busi dari retak atau pemasangan kurang rapat<br />
<br />
<b>Memeriksa, membersihkan, dan menyetel celah busi</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBIjM-Bokm118IqT-ck79zfHXCfGDrOFlQXIhkcLzdxkABmtVyiiAH1fCrCuACbynNnHfUoOYxk87EskO0Np_xbSX0m-jkzwEVJasP4oBSoqWCe-izJawHpHWZZBw98zPODfYvGPZgJw02/s1600/menyetel-celah-busi.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="339" data-original-width="503" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBIjM-Bokm118IqT-ck79zfHXCfGDrOFlQXIhkcLzdxkABmtVyiiAH1fCrCuACbynNnHfUoOYxk87EskO0Np_xbSX0m-jkzwEVJasP4oBSoqWCe-izJawHpHWZZBw98zPODfYvGPZgJw02/s320/menyetel-celah-busi.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><br /></b>a. Lepas kabel tegangan tinggi yang menempel dibusi, catat urutan kabel yang dilepas agar urutan pengapian tidak salah.<br />
b. Lepas busi satu persatu, periksa bagaimana warna dan deposit karbon pada rongga busi, kondisi elektrode, masukkan busi pada nampan yang berisi bensin.<br />
c. Bersihkan rongga busi menggunakan sikat dan bersihkan elektrode busi dengan amplas. Perhatian: Jangan membersihkan kotoran pada rongga busi dengan benda keras seperi obeng kecil atau kawat karena dikuatirkan isolator porselin menjadi retak sehingga busi mati.<br />
d. Setel celah elektrode busi sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang ditentukan kendaraan.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/mobil-mobil-produksi-terbaru-saat-ini.html" target="_blank">pertolongan pertama pada mobil mogok</a><br />
<br />
<b>Memeriksa kabel tegangan tinggi (kabel busi)</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWsVlVNU0qhnybUx23Mr4kys9yNC0sO78x440QlayKgJtWjIKBZA2uhhiWRnq1B1H7QWlBdNaptK6frFRrxZW6ULjltnfX9PiD2UYw_ARmAgULk9bnxJmREiVkWCcKA6xvXMc-55wKylaQ/s1600/tahanan-kabel-busi1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="256" data-original-width="409" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWsVlVNU0qhnybUx23Mr4kys9yNC0sO78x440QlayKgJtWjIKBZA2uhhiWRnq1B1H7QWlBdNaptK6frFRrxZW6ULjltnfX9PiD2UYw_ARmAgULk9bnxJmREiVkWCcKA6xvXMc-55wKylaQ/s320/tahanan-kabel-busi1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<b><br /></b>
a. Lepas kabel tegangan tinggi, bersihkan ujung kabel dari kemungkinan ada karat dengan menggunakan amplas.<br />
b. Periksa tahanan kabel menggunakan W meter ( multi meter bagian W ,posisi selector pada 1xk), tahanan kabel harus kurang dari 25 kW.<br />
Perhatian : Jangan menekuk atau menarik kabel berlebihan sebab dapat merusak kabel tegangan tinggi.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Memeriksa, membersihkan rotor dan tutup distributor</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBj9pL7rAGebJRhyqHo_ZLVrQkp_hooSC1s4h_yd3O9Ryz2Yr7-ia3YMnkm-A-oJYG4JGIK9J0N4g9LbzisMowkHYCJ1chV2_0I0XrCnKfvb4BOZgiQTrEqmwYnXkZtP_OTenDm_1D1at/s1600/28.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="296" data-original-width="602" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBj9pL7rAGebJRhyqHo_ZLVrQkp_hooSC1s4h_yd3O9Ryz2Yr7-ia3YMnkm-A-oJYG4JGIK9J0N4g9LbzisMowkHYCJ1chV2_0I0XrCnKfvb4BOZgiQTrEqmwYnXkZtP_OTenDm_1D1at/s320/28.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
a. Lepas tutup distributor dengan melepas kait penguncinya.<br />
b. Periksa tutup distributor dari kemungkinan retak, karat / kotor pada terminal tegangan tinggi.<br />
c. Bersihkan terminal tegangan tinggi dengan amplas.<br />
d. Lepas rotor, bersikan karat/ deposit pada ujung rotor menggunakan amplas.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/01/buku-manual-sepeda-motor.html" target="_blank">buku manual sepeda motor</a><br />
<br />
<b>Memeriksa coil pengapian</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJY5bPsYohpm8cstnU4Kc_6Y4_yywjX04azWF4TForv1c4f5a6YUmPRqAKI00M6ouloHcP7G8ErL2wYLPz9QOZh14TvoR3W9RcppIuEujoAYvCnbikJYKlfzuqWQumcpYF5XjKLyik3Jcs/s1600/memeriksa-komponen-sistem-pengapian.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="136" data-original-width="254" height="171" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJY5bPsYohpm8cstnU4Kc_6Y4_yywjX04azWF4TForv1c4f5a6YUmPRqAKI00M6ouloHcP7G8ErL2wYLPz9QOZh14TvoR3W9RcppIuEujoAYvCnbikJYKlfzuqWQumcpYF5XjKLyik3Jcs/s320/memeriksa-komponen-sistem-pengapian.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />a. Periksa terminal-terminal pada koil pengapian. Pastikan tidak ada sambungan kabel yang longgar<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBPv_0wQOB3F0bVwP3eTVL1l0MgKsPFn8RHWbW0ckGtcYtj_8qpMz-GEz1CbWBDqLTbMHoH8DgNmshaQdkIqIASAj6vpZOUsIAmbeZ1WyG85vpa0ooouQwji8X-gF6SHzGJLN0RJkISx_o/s1600/koilpengapiankonstruksi-2b61.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBPv_0wQOB3F0bVwP3eTVL1l0MgKsPFn8RHWbW0ckGtcYtj_8qpMz-GEz1CbWBDqLTbMHoH8DgNmshaQdkIqIASAj6vpZOUsIAmbeZ1WyG85vpa0ooouQwji8X-gF6SHzGJLN0RJkISx_o/s320/koilpengapiankonstruksi-2b61.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
b. Menggunakan AVOmeter, ukur nilai hambatannya seperti pada gambar di atas<br />
<br />
Demikian cara memeriksa sistem pengapian secara sederhana. Untuk pemeriksaan yang lebih mendetail, ada baiknya dibawa ke bengkel terdekat dan serahkan pada ahlinya guna menghindari kesalahan pemeriksaan yang beresiko merusak komponen pengapian.<br />
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-11129058318827158022019-02-06T19:12:00.002-08:002019-02-06T19:49:43.604-08:00Pemeriksaan Sistem Pendingin Sebelum Mobil Diajak Jalan-Jalan<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgko91n2TBJbuoqmpz-laqq_zn0jcJryQBf9JBY91LoVniCTfZFuxUh1DvNbq1EytZMe03PgScxvgU0JCZsK3BeoUHw1Di_zLiJniw_v4JNKEtFQJ2QeE2ajDokpEoVvEiSUgi5pmQC1xJd/s1600/images3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="170" data-original-width="296" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgko91n2TBJbuoqmpz-laqq_zn0jcJryQBf9JBY91LoVniCTfZFuxUh1DvNbq1EytZMe03PgScxvgU0JCZsK3BeoUHw1Di_zLiJniw_v4JNKEtFQJ2QeE2ajDokpEoVvEiSUgi5pmQC1xJd/s200/images3.jpg" width="200" /></a>Kendaraan mogok di tengah jalan akibat overheating atau kelebihan panas pada mesin, tentu bukan hal yang diinginkan oleh setiap orang. Namun perlu diketahui salah satu penyebab over heating atau kelebihan panas pada mesin adalah kurang maksimalnya sistem pendingin bekerja dalam membuang panas kendaraan. Berikut hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan pada sistem pendingin agar mampu bekerja maksimal.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/pertolongan-pertama-pada-mobil-injeksi.html" target="_blank">Solusi mobil mogok part 1</a><br />
<br />
<b>Pemeriksaan Level Cairan Pendingin</b><br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Pengecekan level cairan pendingin pada sistem pendingin modern hanya memerlukan pemeriksaan pada tabung reservoir dan juga memeriksa apakah radiator terisi penuh hingga mencapai bagian atas leher tutup berkatup tekanannya. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGJ9mOiGOBpcxnDS5z569xYFZuGFi-t0OeBqeIV3Ihfzo1vlf-teyziIbnTbGh_eMsD1jztZha_1CyRDyKcByS4kwiXgrZSbVXxKiGwTl-WPEBoDiS7tdp0IrmjimM8Bf-6tmbinU5TiD1/s1600/images_articles_2012_reservoir-tank_resize.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="268" data-original-width="300" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGJ9mOiGOBpcxnDS5z569xYFZuGFi-t0OeBqeIV3Ihfzo1vlf-teyziIbnTbGh_eMsD1jztZha_1CyRDyKcByS4kwiXgrZSbVXxKiGwTl-WPEBoDiS7tdp0IrmjimM8Bf-6tmbinU5TiD1/s200/images_articles_2012_reservoir-tank_resize.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
</div>
</li>
<li>Level cairan pendingin yang selalu rendah pada radiator mengindikasikan adanya kebocoran udara pada sistem. Kebocoran udara akan mencegah cairan pendingin tersedot kembali ke radiator dari botol overflow/pelimpah.</li>
<li>Pada kendaraan model lama yang tidak memiliki botol reservoir diperlukan pemeriksaan visual dengan cara membuka tutup radiator berkatup tekanan dan memeriksa level cairan pendingin pada leher radiator. </li>
<li>Ingatlah, anda harus berhati-hati jika membuka tutup radiator berkatup tekanan pada sebuah sistem pendingin yang panas. Ikutilah prosedur yang disebutkan dalam buku manual kendaraan. Pada sistem pendingin tanpa reservoir level cairan pendingin yang benar berada di bawah leher radiator saat cairan pendingin dalam keadaan dingin. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh hilangnya cairan pendingin karena pelimpahan akibat pemuaian yang tidak dikompensasi. Seharusnya level caian berada di atas tabung lubang radiator. Lihat manual servis mengenai level cairan pendingin yang benar. </li>
</ol>
<div>
<b>baca juga : </b><a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/berikut-ini-adalah-animasi-kerusakan.html" target="_blank">periksa starter kendaraan</a></div>
<b></b><br />
<div>
<b><b><br /></b></b></div>
<b>
Pemeriksaan Penyumbatan Radiator</b><br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Selain dilakukan pengecekan visual terhadap adanya kebocoran cairan pendingin dan kerusakan pada tabung lubang radiator dan sirip pendingin, diperlukan juga pemeriksaan visual terhadap adanya penyumbatan eksternal maupun internal. <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMU6uajwhBi7fb3XGlA6be27bKRwpuoRStg-oTw3-zRWhMdV_qF7vYDyiTdR5rVxC43RUyFH5Wua9MTqwKUPqoaHnRarqQC-Nw1tnauvVYuicBqhzU_gaavzOyHJfzfwUlHV_QmYnw_opU/s1600/radiator+kotor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="175" data-original-width="531" height="105" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMU6uajwhBi7fb3XGlA6be27bKRwpuoRStg-oTw3-zRWhMdV_qF7vYDyiTdR5rVxC43RUyFH5Wua9MTqwKUPqoaHnRarqQC-Nw1tnauvVYuicBqhzU_gaavzOyHJfzfwUlHV_QmYnw_opU/s320/radiator+kotor.jpg" width="320" /></a></li>
<li>Penyumbatan eksternal terjadi dari berkumpulnya serangga, tumbuhan dan partikel-partikel kotoran di sekitar tabung lubang radiator dan sirip. Penyumbatan ini menghambat aliran udara melalui radiator sehingga mengurangi keefektifan serta menyebabkan panas berlebih pada mesin. </li>
<li>Melalui pemeriksaan visual pada lubang radiator menggunakan senter atau obor untuk memeriksa penetrasi cahaya akan diketahui tingkat penyumbatan. </li>
<li>Penyumbatan internal terjadi akibat endapan karat, kontaminasi cairan pendingin dan partikel-partikel korosi di dalam tabung lubang radiator. Penyumbatan ini menimbulkan efek mengurangi aliran cairan pendingin melalui radiator, sehingga terjadi pendinginan yang tidak mencukupi pada mesin dan mengakibatkan panas berlebih pada mesin. </li>
<li>Dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kecil secara visual pada lubang tabung, yang dapat dilihat melalui leher radiator, dapat diketahui adanya kemungkinan penyumbatan radiator. Pemeriksaan yang akurat terhadap perkiraan atas terjadinya penyumbatan tabung hanya dapat dilakukan dengan membongkar masing-masing tangki radiator.</li>
</ol>
<div>
Demikian tips yang dapat digunakan agar mobil siap diajak jalan-jalan tanpa kuwatir akan tiba-tiba mogok di tengah jalan akibat kerusakan sistem pendingin.</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-67118092028808244092019-02-03T22:45:00.000-08:002019-02-03T22:59:17.398-08:00PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA MOBIL INJEKSI MOGOK PART 2<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirZUlmtOf3Xm_9efZAjEnRfKpBKhMjZxCYkva4dnIwrsmtrCPzX4_8254usFlcDYGqO1oaFlU8aZz9w8ANmx2CEX8LfyM1vzaMxyX3ix-8NAdv4np4l60OehBkY-OMhwnDjPQ1BHJymnqf/s1600/Jumper+DLC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="238" data-original-width="339" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirZUlmtOf3Xm_9efZAjEnRfKpBKhMjZxCYkva4dnIwrsmtrCPzX4_8254usFlcDYGqO1oaFlU8aZz9w8ANmx2CEX8LfyM1vzaMxyX3ix-8NAdv4np4l60OehBkY-OMhwnDjPQ1BHJymnqf/s320/Jumper+DLC.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i>gambar jumper obd2 untuk membaca kode MIL</i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i></div>
Setelah mengetahui <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/02/mobil-mobil-produksi-terbaru-saat-ini.html" target="_blank">penyebab mobil mogok</a>,
barulah anda bisa melakukan perbaikan agara kondisi mobil anda bisa
kembali normal. Namun jika anda belum tahu apa hal pasti yang memicu
mobil injeksi mogok, maka anda bisa melakukan langkah-langkah deteksi
kerusakan dengan metode-metode di bawah ini.<br />
<br />
<strong>1. Diagnostic Normal Mode (DNM)</strong><br />
Jika anda ingin menggunakan metode ini, anda hanya perlu menyiapkan
jumper diagnostic box. Anda dapat melihatnya pada stiker yang terdapat
di bali diagnostic box. Pasanglah kabel pada kode TE1+E1. Sebaiknya
kondisi mesin anda nyalakan ataupun dalam kondisi ignition ON saja.
Proses diagnostic ini akan membantu anda mendeteksi kerusakan pada mobil
injeksi melalui kedipan pada lampu yang ada di lampu check engine.
Diagnostic normal ini biasanya mampu mendeteksi kondisi pada 15 komponen
mobil.<br />
<br />
baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/01/buku-manual-sepeda-motor.html" target="_blank">buku manual kendaraan roda 2</a><br />
<br />
<b>2. Diagnosis Test Code (DTC)</b><br />
<span itemprop="articleBody">
</span><br />
Jika metode diganosis normal biasanya tidak dapat mengecek total
komponen-komponen mobil yang dapat menjadi penyebab mogoknya mobil
injeksi. Untuk itu anda bisa mencoba metide lainnya yaitu Diagnostic
Test Code. Karena selama proses pengecekan mobil dalam kondisi mati,
maka penting untuk mengetahui 3 kode yang mencangkup selama proses
diagnosa dilakukan.<br />
<ul>
<li>Kode 22, hal ini untuk memperlihatkan apakah suhu engin berada pada
temperatur diatas 80 derajat celcius atau tidak. Sehingga
memperlihatkan ciri ciri mobil overheating atau tidak</li>
<li>Kode 31, menunjukkan waktu pengapaian apa berada tetap di angka 50
sebelum TMA. Kode ini juga menunjukkan kondisi tekanan absolut manifold
pakah berada pada 46,7 kPa. Sehingga menunjukkan proses pengapian pada
mobil berjalan normal atau tidak.</li>
<li>Kode 41, menunjukkan apakah throttle position tetap pada posisio atau tidak, sehingga sensor dapat bekerja dengan normal.</li>
</ul>
<div>
baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/pengujian-dengan-beban-pengujiandengan.html" target="_blank">pengujian tegangan jatuh sistem starter</a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<span itemprop="articleBody">
</span>
Jika anda menemukan kode-kode diatas ketika anda mendeteksi
kerusakan, maka ECU dengan otomatis mengubah mobil pada mode fail
safe. Cara mengatasi mobil injeksi mogok sangat
efektif untuk anda lakukan dalam memperbaiki kerusakan yang terjadi.
Namun pastikan sebelum anda melakukan DTC, kondisi throttel valce sudah
menutup, posisi transmisi netral, serta semua switch aksesori pada mobil
dalam kondisi OFF. Jangan lupa untuk mengetahui cara merawat mesin mobil injeksi
sehingga mobil anda selalu dalam peforma yang terbaik setiap saat. Nah
itu tadi beberapa cara memperbaiki mobil injeksi mogok yang dapat anda
lakukan, Semoga informasi diatas dapat bermanfaat untuk anda.TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-38117842991345296662019-02-03T22:16:00.000-08:002019-02-03T22:19:52.917-08:00PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA MOBIL INJEKSI MOGOK<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8K8KOXHvK4c9DyUEY3HwLzZ0uaGU7qrtDuwoB1gTxU2vTxBqN5a7FONewhWrN_9KB5AO8e5hMeEsqMq6nOu6QTW14v58iOVWg1vxXastT4tgR62-dhk2Ho4n9gVfOzOTkfo8Icy1cByo5/s1600/180_mobil-mogok_300_200.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8K8KOXHvK4c9DyUEY3HwLzZ0uaGU7qrtDuwoB1gTxU2vTxBqN5a7FONewhWrN_9KB5AO8e5hMeEsqMq6nOu6QTW14v58iOVWg1vxXastT4tgR62-dhk2Ho4n9gVfOzOTkfo8Icy1cByo5/s1600/180_mobil-mogok_300_200.jpg" /></a></div>
Mobil-mobil produksi terbaru saat ini rata-rata sudah tidak lagi didukung dengan sistem karburator, namun didukung dengan menggunakan sistem injeksi. Mobil yang menggunakan komponen karburator bekerja secara manual sehingga tidak membutuhkan daya listrik. Sehingga saat mobil-mobil tersebut mengalamo mogok, mobil dapat didorong sehingga menyebabkan bahan bakar dapat masuk ke ruang pembakaran yang mana membuat mobil kembali menyala dikarenakan busi yang mudah membakar bahan bakar yang ada di ruang pembakaran.
ads
Dan tentu saja cara ini sangat jauh berbeda dibandingkan mobil injeksi yang bekerja dengan membutuhkan daya listrik. Kerja sistem injeksi sangat membutuhkan aliran listrik. Sistem injeksi tidak dapat bekerja jika tidak ada aliran listrik yang dapat mengalirkan bahan bakar. Sehingga saat mobil injeksi mengalami mogok, anda tidak bisa mengatasinya dengan mendorongnya sekalipun. Lalu bagaimana cara memperbaiki mobil injection mogok ketika berada di tengah jalan? Sebaiknya cari tahu penyebabnya terlebih dahulu sehingga ditemukan solusi yang tepat untuk mengatasinya. Dikutip dari <i>showroommobil.co.id</i> Berikut kemungkinan penyebab mobil injeksi anda mogok :<br />
<br />
baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2018/01/buku-manual-all-vehicle.html" target="_blank">buku manual semua kendaraan</a><br />
<br />
<b>1. Kondisi Busi Rusak </b><br />
Salah satu penyebab utama mengapa mobil injeksi mengalami mogok dapat dikarenakan kondisi busi yang sudah rusak. Busi yang rusak, mati, dan tidak bekerja akan mempengaruhi sistem injeksi mobil anda. Hal ini yang kemudian menjadi penyebab mobil jalan tersendat-sendat dan brebet. Untuk mengeceknya, anda perlu melakukan pengecekan pada komponen-komponen di dalam busi mobil. Cobalah untuk mengatur kembali kerenggangan yang terjadi pada celah busi. Jika kondisinya sudah terlalu parah, maka sudah seharusnya anda menggantinya dengan komponen busi yang baru.<br />
<b>2. Kondisi Filter Fuel </b><br />
Plump Yang Kotor
Komponen filter fuel plump yang kotor juga menjaid penyebab mobil injeksi dapat mogok dketika dikendarai. Kotoran-kotoran yang ada di dalam filter fuel plump dapat menyumbat yang kemudian menyebabkan suplay bahan bakar berkurang yang kemudian membuat mesin injeksi mogok di tengah jalan. untuk mengatasi kerusakan ini anda bisa mengatasinya dengan cara membongkar filter yang berada di dalam fuel plump. Setelah itu mulailah bersihkan segala kotoran dan debu yang menempel pada filter fuel plump. Jika kondisinya tidak memungkinkan maka segera ganti dengan komponen baru.<br />
<br />
baca juga : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2019/01/buku-manual-sepeda-motor.html" target="_blank">Buku manual kendaraan roda 2 </a><br />
<br />
<b>3. Fuel Plump Rusak </b><br />
Tidak hanya kondisinya yang kotor saja, jika fuel plump mengalami kerusakan yang menyebabkan tidka bekerja maka membuat mesin mobil mogok tidak bisa distarter. Kerusakan yang terjaid pada fuel plump menyebabkan tekanan pada bahan bakar berkurang, bahkan kondisi terparahnya adalah mobil tidak bisa dinyalakan sama sekali. Maka jalan satu0satunya untuk mengatasi hal ini adalah dengan melakukan penggantian komponen fuel plump dnegan yang baru.
Sponsors Link<br />
<b>4. Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Bermasalah </b><br />
Kerusakan pada TPS juga menjadi penyebab mengapa mobil injeksi dapat tiba-tiba mogok di jalan ketika dikendarai. Hal ini pula yang kemudian menyebabkan rpm mesin mobil menjadi naik turun dan menyebabkan mobil tersendat-sendat ketika di jalan. Untuk melakukan pengecekan, anda bisa melihat langsung pada bagian sensor tersebut. Sensor ini berada pada bagian throttle body, namun jika anda tidka mengetahui komponen sensor terlalu dalam, maka anda bisa mencoba membawa mobil anda ke bengkel untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut oleh teknisi yang sudah ahli. TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-26125778644579785972019-01-29T20:48:00.003-08:002019-01-29T20:59:56.578-08:00Buku Manual Sepeda Motor<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Sebagai pecinta roda dua, pasti sangat butuh yang namanya pengetahuan tentang tunggangannya. Apalagi yang sudah punya hobi touring, pasti syarat wajibnya harus bisa melakukan pertolongan pertama pada kendaraan ketiga lagi ngambek di tengah perjalanan.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnikFs-OoIjhcSpZqIPxIAJUvyicbyWN0IvVQV7u-4mraGAr01quYPpa2j37HrnDWQG3y6PCzAZ5ZmBaZzQTM-zjcBzj0HaNNX_JxzPwwa375DEHY2vfsPpu2mrFgsHpeo_DeVfAEkB9iy/s1600/MANUAL+SEPEDA+MOTOR.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="659" data-original-width="1214" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnikFs-OoIjhcSpZqIPxIAJUvyicbyWN0IvVQV7u-4mraGAr01quYPpa2j37HrnDWQG3y6PCzAZ5ZmBaZzQTM-zjcBzj0HaNNX_JxzPwwa375DEHY2vfsPpu2mrFgsHpeo_DeVfAEkB9iy/s400/MANUAL+SEPEDA+MOTOR.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga</b> : <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2018/01/buku-manual-all-vehicle.html"><i>Buku manual kendaraan roda empat</i></a><br />
<br />
Baiklah tanpa panjang lebar kali ini admin akan membagikan info mengenai manual book kendaraan khusus roda dua yang beredar di Indonesia (meskipun tidak lengkap).<br />
<br />
Langsung saja kunjungi situs >>> <a href="https://ouo.io/chk8m6">B<span id="goog_1732225500"></span>UKU MANUAL</a> <<<<a href="https://www.blogger.com/"><span id="goog_1732225501"></span></a><br />
<br />
di situs tersebut berisi >>> <a href="https://ouo.io/chk8m6">BUKU MANUAL</a> <<< berbagai kendaraan semisal<br />
>>><a href="https://ouo.io/chk8m6">HONDA</a><<< >>><a href="https://ouo.io/chk8m6">YAMAHA</a><<< yang paling populer di masyarakat.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga </b>: <a href="https://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><i>Perbaikan sistem starter</i></a><br />
<br />
Terima kasih atas kunjungannya. Jangan lupa berbagi ilmu, karena semakin banyak kita berbagi maka ilmu tidak akan pernah habis.TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-16980993478297134342019-01-29T10:36:00.000-08:002019-01-29T22:38:57.544-08:00BANK SOAL TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTiB73zrwkgNNQeGVXfnSUx5SbjMU60zCKrcKN7wv9M9Lm-o8B9GLKK9bhNTzR6cnQW5CEZlRLOuipKxLkAtfJkMFc9sX4djA4U7UP_pXugzyXdU75Ptn5Pl5mRVoj33G5GIWNif2bXZ76/s400/edukasi+otomotif+online.png" /><br />
Bagi rekan-rekan tenaga pendidik yang hendak menyusun soal untuk putra-putri kita, berikut adalah sumber yang dapat dijadikan rujukan untuk membantu anda membuat soal untuk ujian maupun untuk sekedar latihan saja.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="http://arryrahmawan.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Mengapa-harus-belajar-setinggi-tingginya-810x535.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://arryrahmawan.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Mengapa-harus-belajar-setinggi-tingginya-810x535.jpg" data-original-height="528" data-original-width="800" height="211" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Langsung saja saya bagikan Link <b><a href="https://ouo.io/4vRi0l" target="_blank">DOWNLOAD</a> </b>nya. Perlu diingat kembali bank soal yang dimaksud khusus untuk jurusan atau program keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif (TKR). Semoga membantu dan bermanfaat.</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-34071044714806558952018-01-08T22:26:00.000-08:002018-02-05T22:20:29.494-08:00BUKU MANUAL ALL VEHICLE<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false"
DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="371">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pada saat ini dunia otomotif sudah sangat berkembang. Setiap
pabrikan sering memunculkan produk-produk terbaru, misalnya Toyota yang sedang
update seri fortunernya, Honda dengan jazznya, Mitsubishi dengan pajeronya,
Suzuki dengan ertiganya, nissan, Datsun, Daihatsu, bmw, audi, VW, Mercedes,
dst, juga ramai-ramai update produknya. Untuk itu semakin banyak produk, maka
kita sebagai mekanik/teknisi/montir juga harus ikut update dengan perkembangan
tekologinya. Nah berikut saya akan berikan beberapa link manual book / buku
manual perbaikan / maual repair book dari merek-merk tersebut : </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Langsung saja pilih menu di bawah ini :</div>
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/z2NB3U" target="_blank">TOYOTA ALL SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/o8irN7" target="_blank">HONDA ACURA SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/KP3aQK" target="_blank">AUDI SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/PUiVPL" target="_blank">BMW SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/1HPCAD" target="_blank">BUICK SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/KT0JEl" target="_blank">CADILLAC SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/dmth2S" target="_blank">CHEVROLET SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/5wkJQJ" target="_blank">CHRISLER SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/mtgTAq" target="_blank">DAEWOO SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/1iBm4P" target="_blank">DAIHATSU SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/HbddJ9" target="_blank">DODGE SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/pRFbA2" target="_blank">EAGLE SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/GevpLmK" target="_blank">FIAT SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/2kaDFV" target="_blank">FORD SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/mcH8wR" target="_blank">FREIGHTLINER SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/aA3dKZ" target="_blank">GEO SERIES</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/Aow462" target="_blank">GMC</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/NQ1zg0" target="_blank">HONDA</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/7n4MGH" target="_blank">HUMMER</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/UwEj7" target="_blank">HYUNDAI</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/37DRr" target="_blank">INFINITI</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/l4exjG" target="_blank">ISUZU</a> <br />
<span id="goog_639434666"></span><span id="goog_639434667"></span> <br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/7HAg9n" target="_blank">JAGUAR</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/1lD7wy" target="_blank">JEEP</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/YxSVav" target="_blank">KIA</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/Tjl5FqQ" target="_blank">LAND ROVER</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/SunBKc" target="_blank">LEXUS</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/zhMWK1" target="_blank">LINCOLN</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/tJlBmMi" target="_blank">MAZDA</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/68a3zX" target="_blank">MERCEDEZ BENZ</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/2VWMl9" target="_blank">MERCURY</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/4CwxdE" target="_blank">MINI</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/OA5suL" target="_blank">MITSUBISHI</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/aUMda1" target="_blank">NISSAN</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/WRCPpMV" target="_blank">OLDS MOBILE</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/3c3AAN" target="_blank">PEUGEOT</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/1UOAMq1" target="_blank">PLYMOUTH</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/uLlHvw" target="_blank">PONTIAC</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/U3wxPh" target="_blank">PORSCHE</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/w8647V" target="_blank">RENAULT</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/m0fK51" target="_blank">SAAB</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/iomSgtP" target="_blank">SATURN</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/3c1MOh" target="_blank">SCION</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/ePv9tl" target="_blank">SEAT</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/2A5vLP" target="_blank">SKODA</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/BWILB1" target="_blank">SMART</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/lbNuAe" target="_blank">SUBARU</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/gF6uZa" target="_blank">SUZUKI</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/zRki92" target="_blank">UD</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/UZyUGZ" target="_blank">VAUXHALL</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/NG9cep" target="_blank">VOLKSWAGEN (VW)</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/bFroG1" target="_blank">VOLVO</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/I0XIZu" target="_blank">WORKHORSE</a><br />
<a href="http://ouo.io/uiWEgK" target="_blank">YUGO</a><br />
<br />
<br />
Sumber : <a href="http://ouo.io/9pvOpm" target="_blank">wokrshop-manuals.com </a><br />
<span id="goog_639434833"></span><span id="goog_639434834"></span><br />
<br />TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-54617140365399705522012-10-04T01:59:00.000-07:002013-05-21T08:00:44.660-07:00logo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieQkydYKDN3Foz2f3qYNpLKaiSss4aaSXuOR9orwPXQ1aWfZMt4TiBAC7krjIEBpWarR1WZp7g_T0dH4bxBQ0IXmeXFO4fisANFpG6EiALD6UqyKFmsld5Uh1ck3_C8AkvExnKYfK-1ycY/s1600/support.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="67" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieQkydYKDN3Foz2f3qYNpLKaiSss4aaSXuOR9orwPXQ1aWfZMt4TiBAC7krjIEBpWarR1WZp7g_T0dH4bxBQ0IXmeXFO4fisANFpG6EiALD6UqyKFmsld5Uh1ck3_C8AkvExnKYfK-1ycY/s320/support.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpav91Unb4TN_99aUD3mVViGBioFgWeZqHkmOoRcsUDFh2DKUP9zNlqw7aCDZUtGiFXMejrA9sg5-EfvBScJQSn18yfiWOpLkpBbLuu_SLSLHvAyWnUnykU_NgMcPA2GeN9DHS1asoDnny/s1600/FT+mesin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNwi8uZ_mmgOgeq7FjRT2q_fMgGKfs2ukPR-yHX92rG7jmNO9cqfg6diK3I8BjDSos-3KPMEYOmM9HmeHsCUFCda9o9xav1NT0soWP2hZ24vxFw0QOk4cUHzK3bD-3zopeftl-qq_YQADv/s1600/logo-um-copy-transparant-600px.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNwi8uZ_mmgOgeq7FjRT2q_fMgGKfs2ukPR-yHX92rG7jmNO9cqfg6diK3I8BjDSos-3KPMEYOmM9HmeHsCUFCda9o9xav1NT0soWP2hZ24vxFw0QOk4cUHzK3bD-3zopeftl-qq_YQADv/s200/logo-um-copy-transparant-600px.png" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuudAwYoIhqxqksVYvoI6vKT-1ZqS3Til9XjyL3EFb5gkr-KvAYz9ZIshCwoWbZd5npsLyQE_zqxbLY2zvVqpdJD0RsOTiqPAf8x97RfE8gFSM_2Mm64duM3wfQocZIGqghqxxVl8hTlPY/s1600/logo-um-besar.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuudAwYoIhqxqksVYvoI6vKT-1ZqS3Til9XjyL3EFb5gkr-KvAYz9ZIshCwoWbZd5npsLyQE_zqxbLY2zvVqpdJD0RsOTiqPAf8x97RfE8gFSM_2Mm64duM3wfQocZIGqghqxxVl8hTlPY/s200/logo-um-besar.png" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpav91Unb4TN_99aUD3mVViGBioFgWeZqHkmOoRcsUDFh2DKUP9zNlqw7aCDZUtGiFXMejrA9sg5-EfvBScJQSn18yfiWOpLkpBbLuu_SLSLHvAyWnUnykU_NgMcPA2GeN9DHS1asoDnny/s1600/FT+mesin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpav91Unb4TN_99aUD3mVViGBioFgWeZqHkmOoRcsUDFh2DKUP9zNlqw7aCDZUtGiFXMejrA9sg5-EfvBScJQSn18yfiWOpLkpBbLuu_SLSLHvAyWnUnykU_NgMcPA2GeN9DHS1asoDnny/s200/FT+mesin.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheeDvR-nah243uhnwKU4quJ28k5TrgCpWiz-WPi0PPmghUy2NNbG2gzGKVDC4QsVDpuZnV40YxW1UEf8_EX_bhiCkVbw9A1Hu4xTiyqESrwbdlPHckz5FwwH8R2dk6BUCt3MyVhUT-kJoO/s1600/SMK+kediri.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><img border="0" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheeDvR-nah243uhnwKU4quJ28k5TrgCpWiz-WPi0PPmghUy2NNbG2gzGKVDC4QsVDpuZnV40YxW1UEf8_EX_bhiCkVbw9A1Hu4xTiyqESrwbdlPHckz5FwwH8R2dk6BUCt3MyVhUT-kJoO/s200/SMK+kediri.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://adwiadja.blogspot.com/"><img border="0" height="67" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy5S4l8A5OLzK4JMDAX7t0ZYcHm4NAmwOFOcoUBFVf4ksF7CILNF9c38aJP899NbCDnrfxlzr62FisYIamMuPwoj-N09xClESRCplfhjG45WLoVowACNQ9ZNvf0QhdHEXQMdQylj3XN1GE/s640/edukasi+otomotif+online.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-20254799162603594692012-10-03T23:42:00.000-07:002017-12-15T20:00:11.110-08:00Pengujian Komponen Sistem StarterKetika melakukan overhoul pada sistem starter, perlu dilakukan pengujian-pengujian pada komponen sistem agar setelah dirakit kembali semua komponen sudah dipastikan dalam keadaan baik.<br />
Berikut ini bagian-bagian yang perlu dilakukan pengujian ketika overhoul :<br />
<b>1. Pengujian pull-in coil</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Lepaskan kabel filed coil dari terminal C</li>
<li>Hubungkan terminal (+) baterai ke terminal 50 motor starter</li>
<li>Hubungkan terminal (-) baterai ke terminal C saklar starter dan bodi atau masa dari motor starter</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglut1KfvhX6AIvyutxJpyti-H1z7HDDWa80DsNqJCJADSCTLzQgqknBC6Dv7BEBy4mXSZ78SZ4oKT3xSJSPN1GbPIdZguZyQNBq7qUhefrc24pUeoJEfEDGKh98zDhoUj0HW4GjdwkK2jc/s1600/22.png" width="320" /><br />
<br /></div>
<br />
Pastikan bahwa pinion gear bergerak keluar. Bila pinion gear tidak bergerak keluar, periksa kerusakan pada pull-in coil, kemungkinan plunger macet atau penyebab lain.<br />
<br />
<b>2. Pengujian hold-in coil</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Lepaskan kabel negatif dari terminal C</li>
<li>Periksa bahwa pinion tetap keluar</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYy_lzJqC61O9Cd0K8z40ZxONFiY6iYFX6PjahAEwPKKPH1oPbx6yVH1JTc9dXKdZMzQFG2RUWqYkABr5BodRUIoofOEWgFxZFHNiAddfZCrnoIh3gobCIG8Z9_U5yn3TKLqkSdAJ5ouEm/s1600/23.png" width="320" /></div>
<br />
Bila pinion gear tertarik masuk, periksa kerusakan pada hold-in coil, massa hold-in coil yang kurang baik, atau kemungkinan penyebab lain.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga :</b> <b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/12/troublshooting-starter.html">Troubleshooting Pada Sistem starter</a></b><br />
<br />
<b>3. Pengujian Kumparan Medan</b><br />
Pengujian kontinuitas<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk pengujian tahanan kumparan medan sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS9W5xRmeV1g5VV79AzoMB12fkK8cVrcNvuBLLXQrwZ2XJjHVLz" data-sz="f" name="Kkxq3qyjmjZ3BM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS9W5xRmeV1g5VV79AzoMB12fkK8cVrcNvuBLLXQrwZ2XJjHVLz" style="height: 158px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 254px;" /></div>
<br />
Dengan menggunakan ohm meter, hubungkan kedua jarum ohm meter ke masing- masing ujung kumparan. Harus ada kontinuitas diantara kedua ujung kumparan. Bila tidak ada kontinuitas, ganti field frame.<br />
<br />
Pengujian hubungan dengan massa<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk pengujian tahanan kumparan medan sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="fL0VBXmlef9o4M:" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" style="height: 145px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -8px; margin-top: 0px; width: 256px;" /><br />
</div>
<br />
Hubungkan satu jarum ohm meter ke ujung kumparan dan jarum yang lain ke massa / bodi. Antara bodi dan kumparan harus tidak ada kontinuitas. Bila ada kontinuitas, gantilah field framenya.<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga </b>: <b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2013/01/ketika-melakukan-overhoul-pada-sistem_9056.html">Pengujian Komponen/Sistem Starter</a></b><br />
<br />
<b>4. Pengujian Kumparan Jangkar dan Armature</b><br />
Pengujian hubungan singkat<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="about:invalid#zClosurez" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk pengujian tahanan kumparan medan sistem starter" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="GxrrWOt-sVirZM:" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAQoAAAC+CAMAAAD6ObEsAAAAilBMVEX4+Pj39/cAAAD+/v7////09PT7+/vx8fGpqalRUVHk5OSbm5tERETs7OxlZWVHR0c0NDSMjIyxsbFNTU3Q0NBubm7f39/GxsbX19dVVVWFhYXo6OhoaGhAQEC/v79gYGB9fX14eHiVlZUkJCQWFhahoaHBwcGLi4ssLCwREREfHx85OTkqKioLCwvAPcbfAAAfj0lEQVR4nO1dCYOiPA+moQeCKCKnCHjf/v+/9yVFHXXAa5ydfb+d7I4iRykPaa6mrcHNX9LEDZMZv4TETMP86Tr8LfQLxYl+oTjRLxQn+oXiRP9nULAGeuTaPwVFUx2fr/XjJT15s5tQ6HMPlzwF8EUZn2pf9zQNT2ic7knbr+NgNN20FgomBB2mD0MpgT9pUyh9UXWMHbb1+QJPUngSfSh1OKTOT6xBgR1vQZ9CEjF2/DiRif8qMjg39GEhDYabHMmkDzzAZbXNuKbqYA2Z+nQpj+d/kGLnWHxAoZSridlZ5hrMFYbCSihD18g9q6oQh2q6mWu7WcZs1zXwGk22e02RFV3tSfzDl6Ygos/CP6OJNT9sWWVHn4P7fH9gWePOuFyG4ai0RuPSKsdOWY6KQRmGZYjnIo2H5QV1OuW2VUI5BSgh7YBXdqr9ZZmHrmiAIgKiTY4f635/t+2v+vjVJ+quuv0PCstq5x72eO6+CzBtrfXFM/gP0RSKBq4QPmzSXqvVbyH1+7SBz9s6g2DT1l/rHR6adfNNq51vZ2kr96bQ8ja7HLpeniIaWw/vs3u4SvksBX3TA41HZa819C3LcrpjS1OQWB80sOrID2p3H6j4vCuIwJfnWJxBsYDFsd3Vk1F9CVltY+MzpcD2hyKCS2ZwF3dg+xMmUy6JkEoyZC5uRUqLFZQkbiQuCd0grsyzRoytGps2tkImuHGQJ+LUPA2UVLKGDCVq91cH2eeD6gYUASTiINQuhd9B0InzjY9TRCWJL0SlocV9RfKkSI7y+VrFUBFXNzzId3FdkRt088y6g3YFxak6F1xRiBfUlfEgPV3wd9MNKCKInoXiURj+SnSaoTAiEOqp+n0RiJ/G4yYUhbpT6/c8/A/TfShEAuL/41nv0H0oVAHyn4DCuN9ALAjEz9TtT9M9KKQDrvo32MK4JysCUP+GsLgLhfSBvUtB/u30C8WJ7kDBYrB/G4gmdNKzXygqckC8CgVF59ghJqgd74P/feFYHuOUVazw68/zBTpAMTFroWAIxcuyQpFBYnJB96CIgsBPRFxJJk93Vxme5wo7ItzUz1owByg6vKGBWC9CwQwugsloTNTf5aNwNg7Tsl+uWtthfwv72Rpgv9+v8UOH/PZQOhmX9wv+PjpAMWyAgvkgXuMKOZkCtFsUnNtvZvm4l0/y3mCwGvSWg15vhDsm4WAQ9og6sB+MUoChLd07zt830m1ZwYTzGhRS9TeW4rwA6E0mlmXNF3PLcvy5NXccaz63QmeO5OAv/BqDxaVp+zmM5M8JjPuG9ytQMGOYG9JQbP1YULdtUF+JaS5grKpOlB9A5AiFcS4Svg7FAhKhXfyw5wSxn0ysIAgS/JvEQVL4AVFUBBVZMJdaYgqRTbdC654fsOsOUFgNUJgvQEEaEhIdhA6hN59PfGcyjya+33MmE/xv4d/EcfTf3MfPIUTiAIXIAJa9pe9bQh6jwodw7Fse93a9NRTzpoj3/AUolAxDTls8fax9bPjpWrc37HRG1BGiDKUOQXpuMPn9/vG5rDjtPNMg1ktQrBP9lt0NdAatcjDxRwMrXo56k8Fg5OPHxBkMBvRnzUdWAekHFIpRH2Z/YsHYKiwUtXNr1MvnozD6dkV7DwrdQJ7DgrFgY2rzagFRfT+SpA4kSV0+hpQRTPjZxUgx+DBdAfT7KaTpqmKd74+b3IZC+a9AEQ6YhqKAVnigZfWVh2na2nan263nTadTrzWd7rYQX75x2cMn75bTbRyPt+NxClOwYhjL7zZG70CxeB4KQ00DfQkfPyYqptddY6tPpyh30/52s/wmFMysbyAfySY1JDNw9WtGKEZOUGibCq0pNLGKII4dZ+H7C8dJkmCySJIkSmeX5Uh7D7lt21HkRjZ9B3mPGfNr3nk/3YZC1kLBLui6RLnIq8v5uCQhcMrlMLmJooGbKCSkeUz4MHgPLt+3TJANwgE2pXFrgI1quANHigBtn8s765q8D4jbULB6rmCf6HRIUY/6eMCr02BWBLZVBHMyteeD+fK8/35uDfT+clNeFi+jU7tYH6xVX6C1NiLszohRis83QMEeh+IzEKcTzCgdDsZHVn7U7B5fvlyCwkmiJLMzV0VIAdgsCGE3uKCR1XPVW523CopJrbXJdAO5MizwxMvkJX5qAoY9g2EnhYWGQrE2rGCbA+xgp1NvpvSxCvv9Lf7s72A4RFVZwtj8BIVfBFmBUERFIZL5Wif/eCl68+28U3Y0DT1Yyvf6sYyJqoF87LoNheGOt/kHtXPYtlcr/MaH7lLmCdj6RMGmC65TQI5IaZPCrD7wn1lBCGN+CcXiE98kfp/EDMV8jrktnIfQFu/VKtjkomegEOYcHE3zuPpGbo5QE2DLBwt5hkNwgAIsG8uwIztOtN9Fn3Ec40fg0Df+obfxCQpkgX2/7LTSNEwnyAP5VA7HUrus6pT3x+TK2hhvhoIhFHOzEYprJaFU7hzElzwIsCp5h5suBGhbcYgOJc9I8N0XGFdQoHxaK81HhwwkOZVh8VlRlULnfrwXigy11cNQiGwv1KXYPFYuAJLpHNxDybW5eV3YbU4aog4KPoEZqhbfmQdRTJGd5c6ExWcoOgKym1BcpDw9BoVAL+BhKBhzNw2GBUJBVeNwEGYMOjHqTJsMpcy1K8pMOxst/Cgo0ITCnVH8iSusT/BlQ+ciBUur0YkP9k0o8CxFmW9PQEEN5Cko5KNQBDr2f5UYZ4S4Hx9L6QxY9llsoonVJocFDa0wTEdhCtGgNFFonkwKqfC6JXRvahAsHLWtfAoKUUW8P0HBGhoIuB+9GuLsZQk5IxF7bCBCQHAYi2YevVEUK9xGXYnfWNVK3tRBofMjAeJKV0ASo+JFJdzq9rv9frebe91xG4tp8NCodoZpO639dtqey4eFK3HbxjcehkKJzuTC6jvZFyaDWCAU+woKxVrTEm2hsBv28XPVHQzanrda4tueoWPqjT1NqzoNMkLlUmDLCK0g6I3QZpt0NzAOt5PhZJk61nAZ+/OkMYRBMZ+kD/tw4dpzmC0edV60rKhtIA1cIeJmZdCh9PF9oe8t5IOeaQ0UVzRBZhoQq6BlwSiLlfrbmkxNyVkUwiYsTBNPkpkDoeD1p15DgWWuy5oGwuqhQIqCC4qEoM8gyGLooblxNLzRMw17vWUvsKxlb7l0AvycLNCEBspWXwbOchLMi2LdumJgNYX9oLecB34P7dONNYalKfksvf9yBfFDNthCaqlj/5LkcQt8VzximJIyHT4DhbgoVipXvyCyfvD0brsPTvUSeFiSjcmUoS1EUxk6bDVH3iGnlyEDKWlw/8ozNYQHrYNZQU6qw0crtDFhdHe8DhYWTVoAA1ewjyqiNOvBNOEPDPdhSuzqxGYjFFWv8Gn/YUu7ZdQ++HJcQYFaUahKbAoUj9iEeZZlYgCpytxMj5DAz8zaX5fvoTQJh0P0M7qHFuKidvKbuUKPOZFGZLXAm0Qmpx7Yj4NYLQSj9LG93BGgCIX3FBT3KJgdikGhstJ5+6nXIh9sShHwzSdJAMnl9Xx0PLDyDhtz3tneeg4hzcTqIz8EStYhhodLCA1+LwfVtWFcIzYPUDwf20RzVFt50t0/JjetK94luZwgz2Dz8QvNGHsUO7WWo64kl8FkBbuJr82Y2kqhEYPSeMDNm0+D3LQKm7ni+dim8ApdIZnBBN3sWAXojinUjkEWucLBGjFXnQj11/JSwDO1KT/Btc/q4jTkAkQFctEMPb870kAwC2b+nXiPvNVAXoh4T9o6+G+oTaGDGdrCQvNKm1o+KpDLeEe5PYcChQq3ugHaFBNrHkzm6MduYb2CgNdUw1RLD/Vm4KomdvioFsp2tw/tpK6c00m3oXgWCyYSqPoseB98a9QbDfS/iTMajQYtaO9huy375TjUu0NvA+cvKl7EzhglSkgYEoDSVCks22iiXitEV/owsjJT6837dcQzeDyDsd1sfr4bCiWncy275KROMvg1u85eKZkSm/as537sEihIVx0YkNdyfic5WCfUX/9E3YRAZ29uNCqjN0PBZLGqFG4EnaA38RM/WQROkvhx7JSQwGRe+EmSxEViB4sksaBj6veNGtG0YUKaUJjn6pCw6BTQjRObn9INGCrYRF5HlohIgtS/eISCuyWUwmzo/6yHwngRCipw71fDSFALfpCgkWUxQsF5laEkVJVJsV1VLQTN5IJCJzWPIHuQBsRAp54hJoJ1XF8xJYIbAWDJkxR8Vi893w4FC9YuXqRkbzcvw/EhLpsPvSF5WDDsbMkP38AKVh/qFJ3waAQLo66OzDXJO2sXPTyX67oZZtgzrx6YVX9KbJIbFgQi7kPpyjrxch+KZ9UpG/ddho1YTD/JhdHnyAzAOkIZmUxglTSOuZB4XcR5tAcdxlHC8T6doyLSEygVh5OqHOHWFsekXYJT10akN67rEvoCFErlaFO4rugdn5WMzJm3BojntWaWh4bl1mLNjK24N8M3KbIOlBlKg2L1+VSFTjG5Q8wHXWMZtWt9UryN6UPf/nxQeqH5VijogtHVsOOjwW1YqCE2G29UzjazMpzmnoc/Z+PxJDBv2YLKTCmXBxvGELY2t6GoYXAfAlORStknyDjMhaJeV6BU5/aA5NKVgq4ayBuh0HxhMNQSDumJxMItliVJFo1BtvokNUVl6lPXRuXdyTs3QT6AmU2JvxLdfKtf1iTiKHR7l4pCZZMQIeGr+Q1zg7r+wmsPTXqj9zaQylfUVSWHlZ5V6vRm2YE1TBB3Pe7YYNWkBko7/ncGnggdCvI5KVrqNDKrFE/pHjv28Mt1OZmpfqA4BEwOO/xGmWj/xDCLL6VnA1cYX4CilqQx1D3C0Wt9nQLbFslMKWWcw0i7mdIA+2BzE7w8ztvFZEgzEKyiMHTvRHsY2hgTfsZd7I9BEUAo0QnJ2WtQKJbtoEdDx4WYwKCqKwUydHxVGm6xhYlCh92OrBzhMO/Fd5VCvdRXH27cH4MCbYMAna3hq71aNIx8CWNieoHG2FZn8GGTyCmXPCxQhEz0NB6uaztr6N0PaKLgMYOpt5Cq4lN2AwoRvBMKPgDkaDl4fZQiKkEHNjaX2NCz/W4eWuN2F6CDjt6ITBgvTVsttN+gs7Qfyt0iNTNEXj2Osf4qV+AZ6ERWwz9uER8DvilzAK/2gJOY5R2YBtx0i7kH3XQ0QeVE/SvURNwkGqSUJhsYaOY/lBtNcpujFLZZNaHEl6Ewo8WiSLKq86uRpPQoI0n028breRHIp/kaQlQm6xkMEn6YiUKLPr2t8yCfK5NFKcTM/SoUFE9jh6BT3ssyPY3OEZGrC+V2QEe83heSAdDxj1QfZk7ssiA+NDWZZIfDjb0jt0jQc4byMSiaS1GuWEI+KXi0WHYplrla9pw4oL5EdAPOzQUmMvBNCvMVX5h2i69KKZ2u7nNkvAwUoc471tfS91B6XkBxeuBnoGDZimb7oCClwTI9cdF0jBJsNiudYl7EaPVw6h+lc22IdZfol6CYhVKWRXVztcqUbhez7M5ldwjfqKEzJV6GgsKFs9w2j/3HFJmsJrBKnFE6rByx/iQyKzlpUeQOofhKggifjbg4PDlTntSWKpu6XyhSF3UYX/A6FEa8b9cPfxOUi5PEzmS7AtgtKOtDOBtsNdzxHuvBrCfkCi42hxoJoDm6hEi6X55P4fA2X4WCoTNQKubWxVp02pRg1FNlo708Nk3B+ynqeu7UO84PkjlscTUTZ1Agyovu1yf9exCK+muVKGDUEES8IJmksIqlmZOhyCf5V6Aw0GJlrYPvrTrajpLR+g1JWV+AwmABdIwH3AmKxyBjDGyYk1O+LxuheEANoF0RS9+T2nYQU90wJNu8IYHzZShwdwFt9WjeF49oOKmF9q0L86YnZsH9ghCKQIjW3meCqwQq61qqN6TCfwGKAkL+cJI1VhntsAQblQ2NNsB1SKmOlNptsDC0NrcpoBqvrnjHoIB7UMzroWCUf95XtdHpphvJEiKU9j4C0nTOA26DYmOIDMWD3ahg3NQJ5hQAqzojpfF6gu9tKAxjVA8FdfpunrwrH+5MgmKWfUXxCTUlmxXlzx680vFjabhxEvhOZ5jmLStmL3PIHa5gDVwh1Ayi+sj6caDGp6t4J+S4f+wZn489TigrKKtHKNnPuDUuT3kLw/5A5345gr82TOQBWVFnVshhUxIM+h404I20xlXrMfMBl8ps7URDz9RjFcaXgFAgW/YZwzahwIp8DzqC/HTK86L8o5c839eg4A5MZL2ti+I00MawMf5Qmtp5jmBALjXAPnotoFcVlVAODr73/ojuxvycKz4AxEJQB8EEcrsE65HEq2t6CIqra4S00KBo4EIlxxZFDwoPAqlO8Ve0MmMYuZHtQ398jBrdrFXDIWogiaC0kUQH9lCrSrRvQmjpSUL4AtpysS4X8ulh7XegqB2ILQvY3HBLVr5U/grS/iY2qZtDkpCL/cEUDu16h1hc93Z+rlTDDYTaYJWU3I5MBFwu9hmLUJfxLbQp45usHYjYACz27LjUV6BAaymotbd1op4NzgTA8yUiNiuwCQeTPgHQH2ElO+OiKEi6xTegYEeqO6jEfp8X2CSI1WSGbr8ZQsF10kbAyTLJdpDwBDx2NyHvKShqGohQKd66tiwh9fRRVa0ogIqY5HvYDuLIRpdUwIIGBwmeeVjR5ipRJxHKm3oshBroiX4DdPdddz02jAGUBorLwF1pUU7jv8Ayo3zz5NAyDYVZlo9DwdOmjkh30+McBVeQ+TtYBmhs9wBafnac3tvsWihKaD7wGGveqP4RCnTsC9kEhevPU2hxV0fQMxlXfdMLlEghdZIYiuIkMXNbm+eCGHeguG4gKPonDTxBPT5T6Pmr7sTmqGKwkUDfV1WcU78fFVTjh6SQKfQaZ/nBtoecJRu4gqpn8panpBQD8KljsBN201iPaA0hFSg1UCgNTcWddcDqkwqaoXhcVjBlw6jZhWA+DaoHmMyRY9NYSaG7tblMFApQJdMWr6AYgGc3tWTkiuQmFHqOEOimqxmsu9CKTc6MSl2YPsyq2BlQR/oA3CfUSAVFu1M7GRSj8c9nhdGQDy/kTcKIVcnFYXsDs9AKuKymwzIMJ4KQbC8UpHrgguIjJ582BZ6om3l2BwqZzOe+LaKy70tDiOOEMMzUoxJW2RYdHVdxf+/e66C/goL3GhqIIYbnUGA7nebmTWFEM96jLYiO0ol3TAtCGtuEOJnT2NQJ8mBN0LhorJI5Ty8m36m5jx4rJMzr9yIDSmmaZ+s12bxmAcXD5tyhgZQNXCFbF1DI/tq9o6LEYcTW2S6Fmj7vUeiNd0a0IoFqQ1K5Eg1VMhL/DhTHe12bakJk1CljuahWaBBdjCbuoy6JFptpo9hMz6GQI3gguPKJuIdMoLu1ZTgwzWjgQcrdfQqLhozCyu9+0WeTRuaGyBcoQV1BIaPOQ0NBqvsyuWoUm+dQoFFrySdE8um6FrTKXJLMxxJKSJfgCxmmw7LJU7hlbt4l5Ek5hqCACXXCiWCzFY95JJorxo9whXDXuXiliw9dlulog3oDhc141sti6LvknfVQtjWFkF934/UMhbwDkQ8L+indnReYj0zQp7mie5MrDvvFnDq3XiDhpo7p0iBL8pf4HHpktosebDvimyawYe4GsJnokCeTE3A+5YfXXXTbrkgPTjrpxc3k3tCSBhJc6kUgCA2rC22uKFFfdNDm/C4omLvK1apNCkZQak1YE0v6fNEDUNB4X6M3+0K/CzGENPWIpg44BqUQUeQh+LYJ4qgBJmAdyi/QEuP3YNdQ5E096R9QiAweHq9ZUzEuoyIklY81ymFD40gns3X8VNr+c4TOUBxD1bmqyDEJ5VnOVX0o8mRifZRySlZEKKrVTYThla9lRaBAZ6ZNiVJl6K93KN55ZRvvQ/c7Z45XvA/RoMurnEbBY2hbKLjd5iCAhmJZC8WBK6rOdh+SlyKSknHlt8k5s2lEQJtmdeh4bpLYzYNm30JCuDDk28NgbTLGHNg5icHlBxiXV9yFouIKIwqenwoT/TPpFqvK+ltSOin00HVCS9w2ZbW0zDcSQ5cHm8hxXhEaYumjJeosXEbuck0Q4C4U1WQVxuN+zYkEi8YASzUGwwXfkNImM5gk2vxPLHcnzI7HO/0P856GFVrhBjbp3Cos95PEuA1Fa2soo75p3SWG3tAeSi57YAZgo7UZwIJKltvJrbFs7yKGTaSnoDjdS48mlCxJnF7oQfzp5TZDQWKz1eUNQuYuUbwg1Z3FPZAxcJNxC/TwHfRlvsu2uiR8A8YI1EU0ixmyWqLuM5trw7t7ER64hEK86BFgU12i7TCn5IM4gLRTzksYkdGDem7xR2acZcZ46NKkXxc7P+j6dHzgQavOxLqA4tlKEE9YkvmUAqBmo+WxP6+d0TQq0/SPzNnNlAuFs67TmnWPpO0KeDcUlKVfSEohcKQyympgzIBSjmEcKF7u/8gk1Uwhw/Ptp4kIn4WCnUPxZBVo+tABRdqYNzKFUehBY9P93nNo6JBXgvdnuIKM5GTumY81Ry02d3egeLIKSmWzro7wyvEsY1IQFEqPbGFFuN5t+9mfWotGhn1UIo9kjB25okZsfoErhAhpFmampwkZccm7yAo0abFPA9hcg/NvNTQvCHWX9aChfIDirVxhWqeEK1SgoW2vEQoD24b/ZEFfJ2UUbvzgMlkVFDVh3tehMGMYm0dlLp3D6Em1hh9YrkqJeMWtxzxJLSs2dRPdvwqFkLtNdLqGmf4KyiDfJpA3D6j9NhKCt1TwGDdqKPI7yvSpuzMHNejZb4mmJR96CY2W+gEyl9GD07VqKLZ1/SAvQsHsq5muaABlBcWPrP8hDt2V90lD4b2NK4Qyve3nt6+h+PY5l79IGgpoGHL7AhRocNc8Mu+tgv8CFLKt7YrTri9BYcOk5nw+/29AYZbv4wozL+tit2axi35IVjxOH3bFadcXoOBp16jLjTOLjdz7P6JBHqfKrmiMYj0HhTloGFlsFmCvR18aCPL9pKGoX2HqaSjQyi7qDTuEIvEG/wwUggXVRDQ1N5EBROFfzhWsOXTzLBTIE1ZDWgczFFjD9O+WFRqKZWNSweNQCPJBm6bOYIYAy5r+B6AYtG9bmw+UQ3HtTWPCGt4jHxyS0v5autdA2vweUzA9c4sawqZxWm0CdZxS2uYf90yfIB2VGNeFbjQU/aG8N1SOpjwzKZO0eToVsmjnLQn2Dy9OeZuqBgJmTT+IhsJh6g5XKBYVXVjdCo/QTQoQ/fmbl254L7HG2OaxgdyRFUy1deaueeM0ukkERbv/hTEx30+VBqntEjJOHYU3CxBFJGonOLy4iVDtwuq8eRWL91LVQGpDNxqKPr/fQD4yi5tvIozBWGzsv11s3tAg/eFdWfFIliUtdmABg+C/AsWxnpey4i4Uxv2OEtK3NiTq1tyPP063oDAehOKh2xhyFzjbv9nGugNFfyTfBAUzneD7l1z8Ct2DYijfkzJFgjO/pXB/niplum1sIF3uvsdapsU33lHO99HRxGriis57GggVdmcWyR+nc2vzExTGQ8r0/4XuQNHqmv8WFMtVMxS3JjL9/6KbGsSofJCfqtsfpttQyH8JCuMmFGrb/RN5t38J3YTCaP9yxXGr9Q9xxS0n/ReKa7H5/ZV4ctKNb6LbULjQ/yNQ/A0eK/s7oGDJzwcy/g4o/grSUJgNwX88vLoJBXuAvvkB3kZVbWXcBIVq5IpHUPhL8HikYsfflKFXk5ZmNEHxHAw/h8cLdTw0kFMRl1BUa/vqovWEZBcLMt+nw9nHi6q5no7rBSu9crBeeFIvInxYMIQmqjkdPsylzKpVhvX4Rj3KUY/6vKiKoX/RVeqwJPHn2pwt5q1vcHEML0hq09I0FC2EglYPriaRP8wjb5oGf5iMaklg92NhYMmFq1xFMxe7UnGOpWcyU8IU1ANNqzLQRGhCmcp1M5PTwo1KuTTXqusKukDRMnVVVdjVvZTJpaKBpKbLlcmvSZytT2xKdfEYJj1dUZusqKHwfMsajqyKRuOylbZarXA871ercx7+Wq3qdx1tqzM36eF32s/TFWxgmra26b49bbW8PIctbLzUg3a7DbONt9tu29tpOgXYpynAhqacy9NpF/ZeH69bpWnabQ/onlvcTFv6A4vetvZYPpbUbqezdNPqf1Sz+vbS06+0NZ51q59VAWlr0MGbNXFFq72bQZ5vt9t8s8rBm3mzdnvr5dtVt03Vbre7sy1tjYbtK8rTvv7WJ7bT6mu7rfYR0aFuvhyX+SivdnS7/RR3lqM2/Winw253tu50D0Qjz7p5NaRiD208FW+it7ezFVBVIOznXhcr623aKyp8PMrppFnXo+/u1Ou2c2/XPVaRNrqzvL3DYna0mj3AtHZFbINGwxnKtSsWdxXLRKYyWbVyWpDSsJHDMmFig8FmJM0LkkJ+rJyNwleP7jTEJUcjJ5P8qA7Sotp4L1oRXfMrzXfhugY7MDWLIttQkV553rUl7ZdMb1O1IqxKpKUQzTrkShfbwmHBbtNmyqDJOV1FC6moywW9MxISke1GtpnZthZDdVAcJB07LohOSVUkxo7S5iSkT8LtnhD9tGmcXVuVLD7kpGAXd6uijnql+VMBupp6WpfDpCNM1/uyQuL65hd10ssD64errjTqoHiHfqqlpvIfpgeKe0fVbkDxBkS+jMJT9MXa3Yfin6FfKE70C8WJfqE40S8UJ/qF4kS/UJzoF4oT/UJxol8oTvQLxYl+oTgRQvGfidl/LzHT4OYvaeL/A0/3/+VnOBkqAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" style="height: 160px; margin-top: 0px; width: 224px;" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<br />
Hubungkan jarum ohm meter ke armatur dan ke bodi masa. Antara armatur dan bodi harus tidak ada hubungan. Bila ada hubungan maka gantilah armature.<br />
<br />
Pengujian kontinuitas armature<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk pengujian tahanan kumparan medan sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="tZd3tLwIr6_QhM:" src="data:image/png;base64,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" style="height: 151px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 254px;" /></div>
<br />
Hubungkan kedua jarum ohm meter ke armatur. Ubahlah posisi salah satu jarum melingkari permukaan komutator. Pada pengetesan ini harus menunjukkan kontinuitas. Bila tidak ada kontinuitas maka gantilah armature.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>5. Pengujian Sikat dan Pemegang Sikat</b><br />
Pengetesan Hubungan Singkat<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,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" /></div>
<br />
Hubungkan jarum ohm meter ke sikat negatif dan pemegang sikat positif dan pada pengetesan ini harus tidak ada kontinuitas. Bila ada kontinuitas perbaiki atau ganti pemegang sikatnya.<br />
<br />
Pengukuran Sikat dengan Vernier Caliper<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,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" /></div>
<br />
Panjang standar : 16 mm (0,63 in). Panjang maksimum : 10 mm (0,39 in). Bila panjang sikat kurang dari harga minimum, gantilah sikat dan bentuklah dengan jalan mengamplas.<br />
<br />
Pengukuran Ketegangan Pegas Sikat<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,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" /></div>
<br />
Standar beban terpasang : 1,4-1,6 kg. Minimum beban terpasang : 1,0 kg. Bila beban terpasang dibawah harga minimum gantilah pegas sikat.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>6. Pengetesan Over Running Clutch</b><br />
<br />
Tahan roda gigi pinion dan putarlah kopling, kopling harus jalan bebas pada arah jarum jam dan terkunci pada putaran berlawanan arah jarum jam.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk brush sikat sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSmGCqDEnf8WbUTeqZqh_Tdu312azp1lypmjAGxEFCv_MauM08W" data-sz="f" name="RZv1zCKU-G5rrM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSmGCqDEnf8WbUTeqZqh_Tdu312azp1lypmjAGxEFCv_MauM08W" style="height: 190px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 266px;" /></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>baca juga :</b> <b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html">Komponen Sistem Starter dan Fungsinya</a></b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBM-oPkaeRgX6BSYXLSehmXYylZ-J81EPoHFbGw0hNBu3g8DKve93oUuqsdVBhNgsJr03eI43N3gbMgpVlYYmHsBFsyXwwp6M_yR8-hjrvTkWGnKq5UF-VpYIxgVYsIlZcxJYnMw4I9TH7/s1600/materi.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sumber<br />
Rujukan : <br />
Step II Toyota<br />
http://otomotiflearning.blogspot.com<br />
Flash Animation : m-edukasiTKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-35227710886019448732012-10-03T21:55:00.000-07:002017-12-15T20:12:52.947-08:00Troublshooting StarterBeberapa gejala gangguan, penyebab gangguan, dan tindakan yang perlu dilakukan pada sistem starter dijelaskan pada tabel berikut :<br />
<br />
<b> baca juga :</b> <b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html">Komponen Sistem Starter dan Fungsinya</a></b><br />
<br />
<table border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Gejala</td> <td style="text-align: center;">Kemungkinan penyebab</td> <td style="text-align: center;">Tindakan</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>Mesin tidak berputar</td> <td><ol>
<li>Baterai sudah mati </li>
<li>Fusible link sudah rusak </li>
<li>Ada sambungan yang lepas atau kendur</li>
<li>Kerusakan pada kunci
kontak</li>
<li>Kerusakan pada solenoid,
relay, saklar netral atau saklar kopling </li>
<li>Kerusakan mekanis pada mesin
</li>
</ol>
</td> <td><ol>
<li>Periksa keadaan baterai </li>
<li>Ganti fusible link </li>
<li>Bersihkan dan kencangkan sambungannya </li>
<li>Periksa kunci kontak, ganti jika diperlukan </li>
<li>Periksa bagian-bagiannya, ganti bila perlu </li>
<li>Periksa mesin </li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>Mesin berputar lambat</td> <td><ol>
<li>Baterai lemah</li>
<li>Sambungan kendor atau
berkarat </li>
<li>Kerusakan pada motor starter </li>
<li>Ada masalah mekanis pada mesin atau motor starter</li>
</ol>
</td> <td><ol>
<li>Periksa baterai, ganti jika diperlukan </li>
<li>Bersihkan dan kencangkan sambungan </li>
<li>Periksa dan lakukan pengujian motor starter </li>
<li>Cek mesin dan starter, ganti komponen yang rusak </li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>Starter berputar terus</td> <td><ol>
<li>Kerusakan gigi pinion atau ring gear </li>
<li>Kerusakan plunyer pada solenoid </li>
<li>Kerusakan kunci kontak atau rangkaian kontrolnya </li>
<li>Kunci kontak macet</li>
</ol>
</td> <td><ol>
<li>Periksa gigi pinion dan ring gear dari keausan atau
kerusakan </li>
<li>Periksa dan Tes pull-in dan hold-in coil </li>
<li>Periksa kunci kontak dan rangkaiannya </li>
<li>Cek kunci kontak</li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>Starter berputar tetapi mesin tidak berputar</td> <td><ol>
<li>Kerusakan pada kopling
starter </li>
<li>Kerusakan atau keausan gigi pinion dan ring gear</li>
</ol>
</td> <td><ol>
<li>Periksa kopling starter,periksa kerjanya </li>
<li>Cek roda gigi dari keausan dan kerusakan</li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>Starter tidak dapat berkaitan atau lepas dengan lembut</td> <td><ol>
<li>Kerusakan pada solenoid </li>
<li>Pinion gear atau ring gear aus</li>
</ol>
</td> <td><ol>
<li>Periksa dan ganti jika perlu </li>
<li>Cek roda gigi dari kerusakan dan keausan, ganti jika perlu</li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<b>baca juga :</b> <b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/berikut-ini-adalah-animasi-kerusakan.html">Mengidentifikasi Kerusakan/Kesalahan pada Sistem Starter</a></b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgprmQI4KjaAcVqVkj_RQzKBTt5jUdJCqV-dhnnP2MvT69m79Uu2oo2MhPzyJeNSzlaBFNDjen0hxlZ0L5fd9xJkFQ38nor3qLEubKV8wTIgbYq34lv4Hp_OrGIOX2PiJ45c2WA57cDmYQm/s1600/materi.png" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
Sumber:<br />
http://laporanpraktekleozuqi09.blogspot.comTKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-38953079109920431312012-10-03T18:20:00.000-07:002017-12-14T19:32:53.057-08:00Komponen Sistem Starter dan FungsinyaFungsi motor starter adalah untuk memutarkan fly wheel pertama kali sehingga mesin dapat hidup.<br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk sistem starter" class="irc_mi" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6iO8pm44z8cErlcqQxVUWU0luKgMoeOkV_Ru42a2InUmUIP7yOY8_Bkw1nYDVoICEW0R1fjOuiot-Ki0Uvgi-IiAU5cukNIiEV2Lcg5s1hPQbEbHG2UQlPtt-u8FSdTgN315b6SdBaeg/s1600/sistem+starter.png" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="554" /><br />
Dengan menggunakan motor starter maka akan lebih efisien daripada menggunakan tenaga manual (tenaga manusia).<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Komponen-komponen Motor Starter</b><br />
<br />
Motor Starter terdiri atas beberapa bagian yang memungkinkan bekerja untuk mengubah energi listrik DC dari baterai menjadi energi mekanik dalam bentuk gerak putar untuk memutarkan fly wheel, sehingga mesin hidup.
Bagian-bagian komponen motor starter adalah sebagai berikut;<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh90UVtKSzI3Uxscj32tpoBzFpOzn1F7H5s1Rsetb51CAlPs-BxgoV1jB_v-IINqURXXQEoMikBmssa0e4SwgAi_ag5CM49xSHz9bCqKhJOU5lkFJd2C1J0EL4mibWnln2bhCXgmVPKgCw/s1600/mtr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk sistem starter" border="0" class="irc_mi" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh90UVtKSzI3Uxscj32tpoBzFpOzn1F7H5s1Rsetb51CAlPs-BxgoV1jB_v-IINqURXXQEoMikBmssa0e4SwgAi_ag5CM49xSHz9bCqKhJOU5lkFJd2C1J0EL4mibWnln2bhCXgmVPKgCw/s400/mtr.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="400" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Yoke </li>
<li>Field Coil</li>
<li>Armature</li>
<li>Brush</li>
<li>ArmatureBrake</li>
<li>Drive Lever </li>
<li>Stater clutch</li>
<li>Pinion Gear</li>
<li>Magnetic Switch </li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>Baca juga : </b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/prinsip-kerja-sistem-starter.html" target="_blank">Prinsip kerja sistem starter</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<ul>
</ul>
<a href="about:invalid#zClosurez" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk yoke sistem starter" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="qMhaHEbm_U1IfM:" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" style="height: 162px; margin-top: 0px; width: 230px;" /></a><b>1. Yoke </b><br />
Yoke berfungsi sebagai penompang dari core berbentuk silinder yang terbuat dari logam.<br />
<b> </b><br />
<b>2. Field Coil</b><br />
Kumparan medan atau field coil berfungsi untuk membangkitkan medan magnet.
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://dionmaulana.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/conventional_starter_armature.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk armature sistem starter" border="0" class="irc_mi" height="122" src="https://dionmaulana.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/conventional_starter_armature.jpg" style="margin-top: 39px;" width="200" /></a><b>3. Armature </b><br />
Armature berfungsi untuk merubah energi listrik menjadi mekanik, dalam bentuk gerak putar.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxleSMwIrIEFVuaWi_A_uwhY7tTdQ6IwKn1zSYR02pR88q0gIUCf4Mpru7nWslNtYdEXh5jDfveN3FdYPrFZTfqzzrbU4RHiUZpbxmmrQS5jsItHsb8wAxwGuUwwv5no1y2u4N1xCYf8Q/s1600/Komponen+Motor+Starter+Brush.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk brush sistem starter" border="0" class="irc_mi" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxleSMwIrIEFVuaWi_A_uwhY7tTdQ6IwKn1zSYR02pR88q0gIUCf4Mpru7nWslNtYdEXh5jDfveN3FdYPrFZTfqzzrbU4RHiUZpbxmmrQS5jsItHsb8wAxwGuUwwv5no1y2u4N1xCYf8Q/s200/Komponen+Motor+Starter+Brush.jpg" style="margin-top: 6px;" width="200" /></a><b>4. Brush
Atau sikat dan pemegang sikat</b><br />
Sikat berfungsi untuk meneruskan arus dari field coil ke armature coil dan langsung ke massa melalui komutator.
><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>5. Armature Brake</b><br />
Armatur braje berfungsi sebagai pengereman putaran armature setelah lepas dari perkaitan dengan roda penerus.
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT7vNxfGyMELN1twwghqCXz8hEvECNagfqJYAdsv6FIP_NRuE5U" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk driver lever sistem starter" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT7vNxfGyMELN1twwghqCXz8hEvECNagfqJYAdsv6FIP_NRuE5U" data-sz="f" name="WqrUj2jpEev2JM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT7vNxfGyMELN1twwghqCXz8hEvECNagfqJYAdsv6FIP_NRuE5U" style="height: 175px; margin-top: 0px; width: 168px;" /></a><b>6. Drive Lever Atau tuas penggerak</b><br />
Drive lever berfungsi untuk mendorong pinion gear ke arah posisi berkaitan dengan roda penerus. Dan melepas perkaitan pinion gear dari perkaitan roda penerus.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>7. Starter Clutch </b><br />
Starter Cltuch berfungsi untuk memindahkan momen puntir dari armature saft kepada roda penerus, sehingga dapat berputar. Starter clutch juga berfungsi sebagai pengaman dari armature coil bilamana roda penerus cenderung memutarkan pinion gear.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>8. Pinion Gear </b><br />
Pinion gear berfungsi untuk meneruskan momen puntir dari starter clutch ke roda penerus atau ring gear.<br />
<a href="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR0EHyLIobbx_lEv8i8k5ezHXbFcgEq0hTHb3JgkN2oemynoNms" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk pinion sistem starter" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR0EHyLIobbx_lEv8i8k5ezHXbFcgEq0hTHb3JgkN2oemynoNms" data-sz="f" height="129" name="71HUSk_SV7UifM:" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR0EHyLIobbx_lEv8i8k5ezHXbFcgEq0hTHb3JgkN2oemynoNms" style="height: 181px; margin-top: 0px; width: 279px;" width="200" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="about:invalid#zClosurez" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk magnetic switch sistem starter" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="XYN88jeXJocxYM:" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" style="height: 170px; margin-top: 0px; width: 228px;" /></a><b>9. Magnetic Switch
Magnetic </b><br />
Switch atau sakelar magnet digunakan untuk menghubungkan dan melepaskan pinion gear ke/dari roda penerus, sekaligus mengalirkan arus listrik yang besar pada sirkuit motor starter melalui terminal utama.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Baca juga</b> : <a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2013/01/ketika-melakukan-overhoul-pada-sistem_9056.html" target="_blank">cara pengujian komponen sistem starter</a><br />
<br />
Terminal – terminal yang ada pada saklar starter :<br />
<ul>
<li>Terminal B : Mendapatkan arus langsung dari positif baterai (30)</li>
<li>Terminal C : Menghubungkan/mengalirkan arus dari terminal B ke kumparan medan (field coil)</li>
<li>Terminal ST (50) : Mendapatkan arus dari terminal ST (50) kunci kontak dan meneruskanya ke pull in coil (PIC) dan hold in coil (HIC) melalui plat kontak<br /><br /> </li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVV6_Y4PLTc-orMXGPQT7f8r2s9WXtAFf6_LuXx6aHWBMnJoFWl5QMZINs75nEvMOPU7nvWCgGAhFcH3rtb6_eSE7JFcsOt4XKbYyZYcQlHgFtoWuV93mbwmp5-5WgOA8VPHw1TJRQgKcS/s1600/materi.png" /></span></a> </div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sumber
Rujukan :</div>
Step I Toyota<br />
otomotiflearning.blogspot.com<br />
Flash Animation : m-edukasi.netTKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-78525361499993231082012-10-03T04:32:00.001-07:002013-05-21T08:04:12.337-07:00Simulasi Sistem Starter<br />
<div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-941421078499859588" style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px; position: relative; width: 580px;">
<div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Simulasi yang pertama merangkai sistem starter konvensional pada saat kunci kontak posisi ON ke ST dan yang kedua membuat bagan aliran rangkaian sistem starter agar bisa hidup dengan mengambil sumber dari m-edukasi.net</span><br />
<span style="background-color: cyan; color: white;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: cyan; color: white;">PETUNJUK</span><span style="color: white;"> <span style="background-color: white;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: cyan;"><span style="background-color: white;">: Drag/geser nama-nama komponen </span></span><span style="background-color: white;">dari sistem starter disebelah kiri ke bagan kosong bernomor dengan tepat hingga rangkaian komponen berikut mengalir sesuai dengan sistem starter konvensional ketika kunci dari posisi ON ke START</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br />Selamat mencoba </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: red;">
<div>
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Simulasi 1</span></b><br />
<embed bgcolor="white" height="550" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi? P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" quality="high" src="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305909335.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="550"></embed>
<b><br /></b>
<b><br /></b>
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Simulasi 2</span></b><br />
<embed bgcolor="white" height="550" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi? P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" quality="high" src="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1307170496.swf" style="color: black;" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="550"></embed></div>
</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/simulasi-sistem-starter.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">MULAI LAGI</span></a></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<br />
sumber :<br />
otomotiflearning.blogspot.com<br />
animasi:<br />
m-edukasi.net</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-86043807589805871532012-10-03T00:35:00.001-07:002017-12-14T19:36:22.661-08:00Pengantar Sistem StarterSuatu mesin tidak dapat hidup dengan sendirinya, maka mesin tersebut memerlukan tenaga dari luar untuk memutarkan poros engkol dan membantu untuk menghidupkan. Dari beberapa cara yang ada, mobil umumnya mempergunakan motor listrik, digabungkan dengan magnetic switch yang memindahkan gigi pinion yang berputar ke ring gear yang dipasangkan pada bagian luar fly wheel, sehingga ring gear berputar (dan juga poros engkol).<br />
Agar mesin dapat berputar, motor starter harus menghasilkan momen yang besar dari tenaga yang kecil yang tersedia pada baterai.<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk sistem starter" class="irc_mi" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6iO8pm44z8cErlcqQxVUWU0luKgMoeOkV_Ru42a2InUmUIP7yOY8_Bkw1nYDVoICEW0R1fjOuiot-Ki0Uvgi-IiAU5cukNIiEV2Lcg5s1hPQbEbHG2UQlPtt-u8FSdTgN315b6SdBaeg/s1600/sistem+starter.png" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="554" /> </div>
<object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305337258.swf" height="400" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Baca juga :</b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html" target="_blank"> Komponen sistem starter</a><br />
<b> </b> <br />
Berikut dua prinsip dasar dari kerja motor starter;</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
1. Medan Elektromagnetik<br />
Dalam ilmu Fisika, Medan elektromagnetik adalah suatu medan yang dibentuk dengan menggerakkan muatan listrik (arus listrik) yang menyebabkan munculnya gaya di muatan listrik yang bergerak lainnya. Arus mengalir melalui sepotong kawat membentuk suatu medan magnet (M) di sekeliling kawat.<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk kaidah tangan kiri fleming sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="TWaZnFrbT-bAxM:" src="data:image/png;base64,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" style="height: 159px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 262px;" /> </div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305857801.swf" height="400" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
2. Kaidah Tangan Kiri Fleming (Fleming Left Hand Rule)</div>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: left;">Ibu jari menunjukkan arah gaya elektromagnetik </li>
<li style="text-align: left;">Jari telunjuk menunjukkan arah medan magnet </li>
<li style="text-align: left;">Jari tengah menunjukkan arah aliran arus listrik. </li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk kaidah tangan kiri fleming sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="9BYkwih0O-HCQM:" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAPcAAADMCAMAAACY78UPAAABlVBMVEX/////pXmampr8/Pz5+fn/AP/29vb/AAD39/fy8vLu7u7/o3bs7Ozd3d3l5eWzs7OsrKyTk5PQ0NDW1tbn5+fNzc2jo6OGhobCwsKNjY23t7eAgIBnZ2f/n29gYGBPT09DQ0N4eHhwcHBWVlY/Pz9JSUkAAAD/q4LFi/o3NzfQc8nAlv8vLy//trYiIiLCkf//29v/gYCMAIzmQnj/9/EdHR3cWZ7/6en/s47/yMj/zreSAJLIguP/V1b/HhcpKSm4yrj/2cfuL1j/077/6uD/vZ54i3gSEhL/49T/lWD/dXX/fj3+w6f/PT1UJ1SouqjW4NaLlYtha2H/cyj/h0tCCEL/YmK9m//+MDDUarveQ4fn2tDYY6rUycPn3dbkwa+jiHvJlX6JYEznpISWVzrqzL6xfGH/ejXCt7PNjnBzfXPH0cfj0uM1QjXO2M5IVEihq6H1GjX/qqr/rq7/SkrvJErmOm3/lZAoQCgRLxHe8d4ZNRlfc1+ClYKsmZBzS3NfNV90FnQmCCaoAKjDR8MbChsAHwD9vDNKAAAgAElEQVR4nO19CWPjxpVmCYWBCBCFG4XCwcJFSqFbph2Hsmn5kBVRlmTL6bHdPsaJncxmM/a4N0lPjh0nY+fYnZ3fvVXgIUAiKBGipGS6v1ZLJAgC+PBevXr16tUDoMLTCAoE8DRCeMb7qcIz3n/rgFfuIbrStY92b7ylwDQDCWiBcvETgSzaX0/t5cdzgOSja5/+3njbSe5FqaYZCoAigLLILl0EqmGDgBFUVL5NbRW7aq4DtDh12EtRkVoO+wYiDhCRIkLVIipw2FcM6oquAmz29jq4N95uN4A29eVAJb6gYSpIJA01/ZiqxIZ6HnsOznspVwaSZ6km7FLG202zKKUUIZpHrp/HAoqj2NfSKA/SY0+mRI/S9JICLcK98bZ6TJ3NyKJ21icB9eOU6mZgxwLIiR0HbqKnqZazfVoxdkJs9wSmEUIPZdShBjK9fpS7Xub2rSAyEoHioIdaXTPCinWtRn5/ep67APipm9tRBvRulsYZhNCJdMab9DUQeaEJIgMAdScAvi/3dMDvE8Ap8Dw9Trs0VnHk9jQ7EnbC0CI9Rcx99gX0t80bxVgLksBOrDAFbm4YuEcColIPUIx6QpAYns9esj3D3MwDOWG3gPGGOAKhYPb8vpeFcWZRzcpI7mW21TMkamDqh9dq4PfGW6N5yhq14yPdABBTT8NRRKAeyjoBQRSZsksKEwdUM9RFiPlLiwA7AK7tYIHpuk+paEmyDYlgyCIhLVeBAb6eTb833iKybHaJUBJF1nBFW2JGWmPvHWbVGVft8jdg9W8rzbtG49PfF2+45F39tmLz7APVRuwlMwrV/a/2bzjuT96qiOyaa7RtLnPFvl5X3Aj3Z8+pi3nXtOijgS+zGxN2l3toN8I9+mtE01ouNl0gYawAvXAyg8hUxeg4YC/JTqQwV4YAy/CRm/qIhML6FOAe+zHup9EoTZBAI1NIMmakSGJmmRMNOO9gP3VjT+jb3kAIqBCacdjz13b6Cm9Rup5RWAfsmAg+igJ1R+/GecQ8EReIaQasXZt0uaupRbreU1i/7WXM+Wb3ZBD1vLWdvsIbQnFuFTVnbedYCMbbZ7yJ1DeYqHWNEYfQyzVjoAX7XJ+d3HC7xO2R0AOk5wa4j/HCkVoj1Om5Q9PrD2abAIWWIGghgaktRCkOKDUhQBGlAnCpzK8gDIAZ5yYQMJS9mBKT0tvnjWJ6i70IKPoxVWXDSqBAKdBV0S2CBjJhfbLE+2UgaipzZfjbFn+jgJZb1+81QB1vMU0XdzL/TVDHW8rCu7Nx94A63vDvTN6rCqm2/w6zO+atyDf4Mlwbby+7XXteBWT9lODe4Qlr9TzMbnL/V0WQYDvILnZTr75yayes5X238k77rNe0s8pA5MV33nzvnX+/pRPW6rl/y35LFVkWsBaqn99r8ZU3Pt3keO83t9Kv1PI275K3nBmYR11mUwbDdzjlH7z++nP8729fXD/1enl7d9h/y6lv8u6D0IlR+e2n7723+cMHLzx4ffPN99779HfDtZ+x3p7fZf8teWYRg0CxNdv0yps/fPC9F17ffON2zliv53dpz50o50NuoJ6b9Pvifad2TetORkGyp8823Rvvu5S3Fk98FtmcR4bvjXd0h7xdbzLolYQy7xdW4w1XMUj17ZuezytCrUbnoboe46cb7DjDk5MWCWabGO9PHjy4e3kLJd5KWhPocDNr8QcrQud0D087Y7dkz//t5Zdf/uweeJ/HW5xezYRMsLueyI8btAAYj/Y0bz4/9Mqbhbt257xxya7JVF+8k91bT2hfw+wmt77ydH8ub/H5CV5dywkuoZ43PQ+oSrRG3vaapjQQnxGQLVsh64uQL8e1eDt5He/+evSc8Ybj8XgI3HQtx7sa9bzTcz1Hde1bS4LFH6wIG8vjTqfTHtr3L+8SbznHi3dC3fXwJoI0bLfbG0N7fTMiy1HffzO/ZTYia0XC4sEZ2mk+814GEfaONjYYbze7o1HgUr9ldg1KHW+nWyjCja/Vxdudgre9YvS6sdt0rf5biswa3nUGb0UQ84uTDa7nVrjaFxvHoa5lz8VsKu+L4VonXg9vXRhtTPR8RXv+zuZvmp2xnnde5l0n7zpDvyICY9RuxPv7m+fEZ3kul3Vf09XyHhwCMBcfUYhLvFN/cUNS6wz9isB4ytv2r2zfL36/hPc2//c5cdv3vECU/eqYQZaBbc64zI9e377LvLNwMW8lWg9vYc7buzLa8dvNCl5/+XezaxMGgkA9J9CgKEMguRpQsBl4meYYqohNAlwzS6c3pZ537zyFTEzD1sKdFLqeLJFz3ldn1T6/+dlzJbAh+r9PiZu5CNwk8AnJIiSHSY94npnHsY0oEaiQGEbXyKbTX7W89e65ukCvJuik0DXJe9a+7aujPM9v/uSTF87xvRd+MtN0I5YAzHFuCAmBZMdP0r4LVN8XETVyAsJIyGQjnzCp5a1E55cAwxreMq2xDivCmPG2rp6NfH7z5Re+V8Ynn007M9ITmaXVIx1TGejHfmokJmF6riKKc6ykKfNBg3jCqj6fyYrnsoSet/hy5Gg9vAVhZs/p4gZVApf3g5m0H/AY3O+nvIN9bNAMRQHOmS3rpbll5LGpx7oiWHoeUQsZsiVcoeesuezMJihr9XxdvP0ZbxJfac+f3/z9D0p4/fXfv/fi5BM7o5mvQaJZBrtcEmIF2K4kuognd7oGKty76fGX8Ba24mluL/To4mYnhesZP4V4xP3UA9XrXZlV83zVnj/33JtT2gAq6rVjofW8oY/pbJQg1PBupesZP4V4uN3uHLqhEdZEds4xfLGEjzf/6d8+vtYpLujREt6eaw8mTRya+eLuZX28wXijcwJlgFdz0Jm/9saFSXIULM9At4sVTEt5w2hQxJFqeYvhemYPM2N8uNHZG5+M/7Tajfz+5hsX5gzleIfHgESLsZcAc2AU5DjIAYS1b1v3Ajvf4k73Et5pAMOtyewBrplEaKXpWnhHwQEbf3cY/tVfaXrq4/JUqWykBAjHEeITTv0+cTzFNgMaM98lIHkWK+Eg63pZwoP1y+QdSKmZFw4zLgXTNff8tRiuibcOhsycM/yrt1J+aDkTREy7ad8wBjnTUSMh2HUTzaVeYugDQ0rj8Fj3QjE1gyK5YKldk1JiD7ihwfHMzEIzSdJ5Hws9ZvlWziW6jCzY4wNRzjtsnBeL9gnIMjnmhHAqQmglmpX7mWr3HBAmeiCnqeSFAeXtfwnvkN0lHWQJ89ODOW85psF57FgMI3jzaAuQc8L7sYm8G6eHavsBZLx7nBDp4xDD2PRiL3Xcvg2CvpdrJga6ifJQWs5bF1mv4u8yn4Xk86txM1oSiUnXMUEmUXI05f1zc8GKmusBhnHaCyYxkhZmHgwgqUcsQ3WYGwMDz+VDUlEG8hX23NeBZwBmBwSgz3lLBjH2z4OoQrSO9i1m57z9q2YiFISQprnEwIFNggBjwyCTeyXqgg0gmsYYuCKWm2D1QpfwFphxNIBv64llzQfjkh9l5rm8hbXIWw6tKe/2z313UfYhhC2Fc/VCP0zT1BMEnIZZbzDYZz+9KMJXuvUXsIQ3G6ibBhAQTHPvvP8Wbat0VXq06gkXQfbsKe/OGU9pqvJuyY5uelnk4UDHBiGWZdlIhYroEDJ9R6i54v1fxjsAGAPssi5xN9FEUZJkDvai+KuoiqJ4dB3ZII6P5rz9qqMqasSknvHV566L1OGQqy7HEB6MjoZwiiGw6IoTdUt4YwJ0HRgEYNPbiUIvy6IoonkYZZQhz+OcJrtr6b+R4EzteWfPLEcqZdfPTNdVh0cjju0SmJczf9k+ERcvlq/HEt46422AgP0mMs2yXkhjn+aC3/Wjrh8OhJAaWe/6K+yXAGF1EW9keJH/i/GYua97nfZFMGNQoLN9dDRuCStOWC2zawIIdEBcYARiqNrsHQaGANS0RXzRoTAQwKrTGzWwDXnO25hdjy2kqS4POwXaG2Ww93xb8a9zesR2RtGK3d8S3jSHOuvoGW+9FSoIy/wdLnibkhpJOrsT6+FtYXnUnvIOQj4UgMT0ixXAw87GJXT2DkcHBwejvdHJ0dnJwRhKQbZqHL/MW4SVoHuagYDpecB4Q0/W9BbBfIOaicQADm0FJgjKYX7eY8oiEEUIV0yEJ8bexoy3nTqgZaWR4YDxEcNke1nBO3vsdvBbwuzZUEXEp1F25ah9MW/Rcv+X/fiDrx+//8GTf5zh/a/Zzx+/fv8f2c8Hjx9/XWx4/4+Pf/n4yQe/evzLJ1//8vH7v378q8e/+tXjxw8Znjxhmz548vUH7z95/8kTYQXFI3g4k/dZK3ItSovqFAenTJsnIi5btO2xHiBkW0Q3zIzZWTNAq/u2E97kv/7vP/z1/3xU4EcMf/nzX/7yox999KOPPmJ//jL5zf7xDX9mv4ufYsdiOwP7BgPfyDazt3/+8/+rGbJfBgRYALP2fQbjhBrqkGc/7M10vMO6rEmnxXaXkRvt9vOEhpgQpMjN1jhOeOOtv/7DmvHX/yoJ/IqUOkMH2xP7xYxUxId7e6dzY9aZmi6eLWczGYc0EzRJvKGfOOHt7m/99aXXXnvpJfYz+f/aa9OXrxUvX3tpsuGl1/7zPyd7VPHabLf5ho8+KHk0V/DGATjcPixwAkwBDA+P5ga8c3R4cPjPQhh6vsm8VF/Q17KAc9q+3eDxw2++/e7ttx5++91bDx++xfH2rx++/e1b7Ofbtx/++tv/+MMftn791ttv//Gtbx5+9813D//w3dvfPPz2m4cTFF9467s/fPvtf3z3hB3irbeuWT+GQzaZTz4GXONbFtKoMzqdanh7o316CFpC7mGdENfS1pYNUfAujiZmJo8vz1fGAjcs7LkHsA4E29zd3xKAawAllVxPUnLFCsUgr1yI1icSEsGqia22pwCVEzOxoGsgC8bjsxnx0XjInG+09lz4835Mzi7MAdghG9gBIWe8oYBQvDvwADFlJZRsQVWp6nqym1cuSE0apXXxpDUR2bbmKPJBZ4xCadK+O52DoyHycuMWMsJLvOmFOQA7FQ0PGBHABvRdKd0aDIjlK0ooI1Nzcsc2ZTuuXBLqNuENjXnvOz5on54A2wEHRwWGPzUi81YWZJd5XwhdaykgHrBMxhsILvB3BluJaUpyqiJfU6li+4pdHX6jpMnSN8X8/GCKbeZ4nh2cFFWqGMQgvB3Wy/RcEbpBGAc4I1nmZj6Jevu7u4PY0HPE5K1kCvJVVJ2+1BrpOQoPJlo96bk6pxvA1SVubMO6POgLgL9ZeYFdiXdYmcuWwuPd/mA36e/093eSwX53dzAY7A52+91jjLCjZI7NnPa8YsOcXgPeEOsnZSe8fTBmVi4QFTPqpwTJUqvVEpfbcfF3F2cPrkRZ3pURipxvRciMkB7pSU7CMMgFcny8f4ztvCsweaealTkXeTdJ29Ry5aDEu7MHZV5FTpRtZAlsyB+avokxsZHm1LGHb2y+WPNRHWr1XKbHscwsrebJWSayISi2Wju7g+NQCnd3I00ONctj8q7a8yZpm4IPyrzb2z/mS+iA5ELmrH7x4x9//tWf/vQnL/XSjJp1ru/Hm2+s2LOf85bSKu/c76UyAihl7jNkPwaRYn9wvI9DIelpcmYze47yij2fFAtbDWJkV3hvdD4vkgwUU+Kbt7f5vThqSZLEes0LWT+vTHPUn39v89PLeepLh4QleaeV9o16VrAV8Lo6wMA80SPVUV8Lj4+Pdxz9mKhd7FKHF0orQWqQxqdEDii37/bRFx6PVaoe4z0NrHSOpvteSKd5tTQPfnk2+Jq8pbAib6vvgnRfAygD2IReJEeCfeyGzLLtm9kWJftCsK8F3UqcSaKr6zkbb+8dlcIpnbFUSNUJpakaMOrbZwVO3Lhyvlc3f/iTlwv85Adv/rYhbzmq+C08pd5JUqCFTN7A8ETfUHp2b4vZ9EGSbEUJQamjpRW7Jl03ja90SVbodCpqfiIVB7VnvCexhmKwdgZwZXX2q5svf/KgwCfPbb5zvVNf5l21a4Xv5R4HTsqji7oPMZFoy+of7+5u5Wm0v2M5oeaElQYnZjV5jUuABLUcPWP+GjT41AHGEA6POsy+Dxn4LWgz3lJeblivbn72YJrU9ODlprwv6Pkkpd7sM3PLeLvMtAVSTxGj/cHubpJZ3hZRIuRkFQsLs5p87WW8PfVoNCfe3h6NuSkFSqjJKuC82XhMLizAaHTIM58qvGfyfvDCZ43lXc1NQkVfLNGuzfXc8kXOWxV9gvuD/Rg5/VTLGO+KGwmj1eUtU21u15gunwHuIDs8FEHwlLdBhmesjReuCSkn5p+3739qrudSWPFb0MTntHd8HkS1PBHrjDc0LeBtbVENpsdppmm0Ys9Fep7ndt3AIsysWT/W3jtkvJl7wkgHDnAZ79PO6Z4YoXFnY8rbLYVBlZI9/+GCjux6vOWsYpQs3r557YFBwBTODTnvWJFDAgXmQdgw3NrKVbU6Sw/DUv7udXmz0f2M9xi2zwAb3LuFheWLbU5OTobIkMftKW/RpK5upplnqADKpf57QT92Xd5pRd7WdGwlpnzi301FwRCpLIakZVpKSJg1SPqOmlajpmmDxdNuBmd+y4g19BNmurSQh84Vw2rxm4eUIx592xgCVY9iT8C6HhAhKg/9Pt78dEVHtb7/LniLItC6jAwfiwdiroCQiCbhw3HP5t5LVJ2OS2vyOZfBief+OeuwjsZcAXDh9xnYwIFupNqoPRqNjpwgysgXQ6kYpIikVPyD+ecfN/dTq+3bmi+JM44NNlYUHVWiKvCIKBDRI0CTpDi+uC62ibyl1C37a50TNYLE4DQCjAy/t5XK2yMIIAkzIoLR9nj6PWyep9ncZFzS8i/4azPeopfYdiRx464Ck/OGuKBLt2helXcYrc4bGn6VNzRdzePHZcN8AFHXF7cPgYxTXQTj4ahzAFSkQF4TYm5bxN993Hwc2vKq/tp5DEHNM8IT2GTGG6k8kaKo7cpY7varvL0mi+Wt9KTkuXROAMLAKxzeYm5UMFsnwM5CDeztjY42RkDLqG8KGJ/7rPD5G8QdpKyUKgiB1Ts3HG4/LAR8oe4bG4wOqgMwswlvJ/xp2T8/YYJWiVD4qrwZKYIGrJwNQYfFNOgI+ClxXRKEveUhqOUNvjwOrcTXUDlmhPuG4yBNQzynhv+yOSwkbFWr8jUqAtIy8XA8d9na2+Mh81394q7j3G4Bz0VpwJzWMQ+nnwyFYtgiutMpUEQIEiG6dF51eaHkkp6HldTQovb4DFI26Pa6Sbfb7XeTHYZ+v9vv77NfuxWBC42KYRB24tG8ibc3RlAw3IxftmhQ3wpSPszba/OReGdIdnhVZTecDv2UZKfXx7JZIimLgNjAYSZCVqfvl/GWqu0bxSXe0EwEEgRMv5iG8e6TuLaN2K9gv+Ls4LQJbz71Oyq18G3mtNv+xOVVDM/r/4y5L0fcBrQZ75zYrp7hqZ5pA9LSu8TW3MCFThA4MPBM3M01yUDIC7GKsL8oJe6ct+hf4F1yDKCZLb5kp1fl3agICE+LLPFub0NAzEmNZH5Mnsw4CbW2O6dDZgb7oT4/jcPGD3LuU6/fN+QojrOgL5hhj2pa36RpEJtBIkQLFqWVeHsVPbd7Fd7nHZTtAmVuUbSkwtusyc+/AjhslXmPAJ8Sn5xQDelPZ5Pj7aOTA2byUlw6idO3gNYzI55d6BxnWWj22BAxxWwjX03kZ0EoGwsW65R4m9X2XdFzPOctRjt2MB922f1q+756mcQiWNQelWMPo9HJpFVCknjSXhFj4w1gTwnS/d1KLEvdN60ssaIsF4DcTz2f9E3TSDOJ3Yw8c5m8M02IlvOu6nklFo7neWpyntNsnr2l5VXe157sryILzkq0NzqnB1bAC5z73WA4PJtP/+8BN96q9pxSlMSRBbFgsi/oO7sYup7puDSAxEJZbCpaIFv6Uj2vyttOKvKe826lerg1d0e1uHIZetxsWsfn6yzKnfiBFmEjigxlWHJpTs+AUw3y88uWpEn1d85NUaapNZOJBlifC1HiLVR4V0sY4PkEgZwTtTdvxqhaaj/Im2VRu6YybFd4A9s3XcjzmeYde/vsZF3rMqu8K35LpWQFNOMZU5FHBMjsPqKqXTNoMz0XQzQsy7t9tMeTH/b29s7mtDcOeHm6mvHe5Mk2K1RNKtvzytpru1/hXZ4gKCmPVo0c61f4jrUISUXPN9qdGc57t2H9bTVyzC7Kp+UuCIJlvmrZT63y3qnwrsm/tfsVPdf7DevYGN4XG9WcxItgvK3ocjUoySIaGzjxtFxtX5ChGyARuTbQBObCEbO2fFRZ3hU95z3U/HZBv2aAifoVPSfdhvmqiP643VlKvLP9RYQvC5D5K7mjD7gxErZyTYijGMfsBmTUC/VeVDshf84bVtcOVHrmWnmjqrzdpnou55+fnY2WEG+P9r6KlUu80Y5ux1imfNm40jVQV5eypIuhtYNEMU3Sft1ERpl3Vs9byGt4x5X2TZryFk0Mx8t4d07EcIEtd3dsMRLgpP5EoqOuC8IdZpFRnyCSJWZ6tbxFv9p/71T6sTp5V2e8SbfpqhiSS1fwVvIFbcjppmaXwElcr4fFlIaJx2tUCnHukzyN6tpdLW/ZKH8F54sdb9Sr8LYb89ZyC+wtyD2eqXnnxF1Y+oFEucHGnQHnjdnoUwh11WJKJxEig0AgdctAynZtydogo7eYt1adCXSTpnn4km8s4729/YtLVaMnkIuWNYmxgtmvEmo4leW9pHaKEdfw7kflLtXtN15/QLx63p2joWT2Gy8sW4SyXVuyBBnX8Y4rFW3cpv03ayKReoF3e77M4PSIDRCyZq5gDcrjkibyphfad2PeWkSqvNujw8OppTs7wSnW17Fia45yfG0Jbz1efLe1auVFlDTmLafGYYU3nxothqDtDRhEyFhPpbcZrifv2v77Iu9u87qigleVd+cIwqMJ76GlijVmrfHZzteX4Kh2LyjU1Be50I9pjRI1J9Czs061gc/iLDyvJ1jUe98AJbuGaW0/xnjX+WtVefcrvFdbXJP+9OioathmfszoUEvWXI693H8v4W3W+anVQmRO0pw3j5gPtxe4bEzPlfR4vc27LG+/3m+Bfg1vu1uRt3ODuqKab4HhpcEoH4hvqDjL1qvm1+Vt1oxD7aTCW0tWsWvV00mefol3e/vk5GT8C88Q1lMX6By149AKmA+72K7Z1YKazRLvJ5Aic4G8jw6AlWF3QcThZijbtZo5EcDjXzV+i7VzoX3foLcJwwXyHg+RYUtrKhtSQmX8XbvXdeNM2g3kDXCmXOZd1CrQuusp81ZCqf82lvTffk3/bVfH340S0GfA1LnEe+OALzrR0nWr+TXbd709r84TKfEN5K3n6FL7bm/s7W13vmg0zboUZd71/TcgNY84tfoVAcs3eQKgG9kL+7H29lc1ZS1vgArv+t3qFjpK1ScfKA0S7+dAMbnMm+flflEbJWuOcvteIu9rQr3BE5rZWD5YxPsQoFt4pEh5XJLfmLeS38CuaXShvA+Bt3qW85Uo6/kaeN9IzyP3Mu/O6aGT38LzkUvyDm5ee1y5Sb1kN77Em/upQz9cPRnwSpR46/mNraYS38DBEEJ5OjnYno1Aud+Cott4HHbZrsU3jmApleH4auqjZjqYLrAZjabjUT4JuqaSnRdQ4k3iG+tTVc/FK5Y3VsG678n4m+f1TENtnTZcuQLR9VBu3815zx8IUJV3axXePPvmoNDz7YODSfW99tGhlK1YAf+6ZyvJu3lNsZlglerCuVXiLXLkn5xx2tunjx69++7pKRf3GFjJWqcL5liBd1A/ODiXd2O7Zidkj3HtPHr05ZfvMnz56HSjPV44CboOlHhfUZMZRleH9q7ux2pVwKDSXufRu1++++jRyZhh49G7p+2xxbPwbuPRHiXe1vKkeZFezbv2AS/nR6mxdXL0s/H2h1+enp4Nh2zoyXD46NHpODLXUa5zAcq8l9eQk/OrVU6iTV3KX/zPdz/88HQ0hPzxa4fF2v9O59HPI+cOeNfEkqaQcx9IV5Q5kyludpXw9MPTo6Mh4GW2Tk9PR3sch+0PP290tGugxNtePrklUh9ox8sDXVq/oZ8q/49/Hg/39s46jPThwcF07czP/mX9D0ydosRbpctrMkcCQPvLd8E7jZwMCPR/+fnR9mmnM2IN+3y7veageQnl+mvBcWZpmqI6qiwrHEX9SP5GlqWWxvooNEiXlL+SSL/m+S5XQh3xghbDYUW+t/mIpjJviHf29wdxr5tHUR734l6vR2lvpxd3E/YiP8bAiQeRZwqmz/4JgilgQw8CXTcMjHXDy3ebx8GmibV3hmqdQZUQbGIDc1Km4Ieh54VhlqURL6W5y3j3dvI86fXiKXr9bnenmyR8Q07Du3xg+w2x5PkGF6AlJtB2UqklixBKEq8mKLZURdEUiZcWvFNp3RzX5+3EJkBbd/U8uNvG9XlzXwztrnt+7r6wAm+KgbisguPflaqvxhss61z+nmivzvuucUtatJR35ZRq95aGwstxH7wrEMnteY13j+vz/u+FZ7yfLjzj/XThGe+nC894P114xntF8HDL2rOr7g434A1bTyPvv3M84/104RnvpwvPeD9deMb76cIz3k8XnvF+uvCMdxM0zUq5/6nTm/CGXk5p7uoX1oxBo7xBwvNUPzJ7iK+Qu8WzWdRFD1+EaSUXzBbWv5gI3Iy32Bdc13VCA0DHAaClOBqQHRHYjqgoGiPW0hRFDTFQteLacd4CjiYBm+LJA0C0iBSfOJoC+Fda/HnA2oDfNklxZEkEkkgiFSjaLa4XXB1iUcVCDHUJ57kBgl6WGEIPiyYhcdg3oWTmWewGlpXHxbJ1g4okj03Z3w3pMX84i0NpTDVoRD2K3DxMfFH242zA06KEPDJ8FxjYzWQ7i8N1z8XeiAyWTsAAAAHeSURBVHfi6YYlhkFAVTVBelcjsU1SzdPJAKF9FGQq6bsARqlStAUjQimRfANlyOryhBE1x3KEZVMTqcH2RIlFYtXe5by9VEEhAVhwM4cGUFj3Sskb8e7RMA1ani50BbNPjAjYkWSHyA+CmDUCYgpA5lV3DZoZXFGNiOS+QCMndVAiEV/gZePZTi2kxzrJJTEPsAdgURvDx0ALXc47dbuhEEXNClbW4mZ6XjwKINRxjrGhGBRY2Yw3lPrujDe0cc7zvxhvyh+phTKN8zaZDtvAxEroCwnjLUt5YLD9yrwFzjv22Zf+luRdVLFgek4iRwm1CW8rRZ4e9KC0YwWZxvW8eGp8DvgCb81zRb3gXVSZciKLEbQGrp0YJJalmLhUc48LPWfWMMMq5XoeBTBomN9dixvxLkqFi34g4piZMT3jDxWyfWQGhEIptpkBj3ihKjfuFksd9QySuBs6WqhJlJeedViXJRhS2M1Cg0SyFLEGnUSFtTQNCEgv8gwrlFDWpbdX36EB5EIILRFA1YFAlABkPy0gQv7IOBnKViBkvF3KTlHdie0AFKdVlLGVii1SMfkgOrIoQql4C1W5OGoRm1eUyXbZ+Zvqx66C5kX+LT0O8sYQABVuDRjj2zv4zUD/PxxftWwLMSydAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" style="height: 193px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 234px;" /><br />
<object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305859298.swf" height="400" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Prinsip Kerja Motor Stater </b><br />
Bila pengantar (kumparan anker) bermedan magnet, ditempatkan pada area medan magnet dari kumparan medan, garis gaya magnet dari kedua medan magnet saling berpotongan. Hal ini akan menyebabkan perbedaan energi kemagnetan di sekitar pengantar dan menghasilkan gaya EMF (Elektromagnetic Force ).</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Hasil gambar untuk kaidah tangan kiri fleming sistem starter" class="rg_ic rg_i" data-sz="f" name="M_lAWTfWclc3IM:" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" style="height: 193px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; width: 249px;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305901887.swf" height="400" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>baca juga: </b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/12/troublshooting-starter.html" target="_blank">troubel shooting sistem starter</a></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /><b></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /><b></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgprmQI4KjaAcVqVkj_RQzKBTt5jUdJCqV-dhnnP2MvT69m79Uu2oo2MhPzyJeNSzlaBFNDjen0hxlZ0L5fd9xJkFQ38nor3qLEubKV8wTIgbYq34lv4Hp_OrGIOX2PiJ45c2WA57cDmYQm/s1600/materi.png" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sumber
Rujukan :</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Step I Toyota,</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
http://otomotiflearning.blogspot.com</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Flash Animation : m-edukasi.net</div>
</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-47613947673608485442012-10-03T00:34:00.002-07:002017-12-14T19:38:19.258-08:00Prinsip Kerja Sistem Starter<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><b>Komponen Sistem Starter </b></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Motor Starter tidak dapat bekerja jika tidak ada sumber tenaga yang menggerakkannya. Sistem Starter adalah serangkaian komponen yang terkait satu sama lain untuk menghidupkan starter. Komponen – komponen sistem starter meliputi :</span><br />
<ol>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Kunci kontak (ignition switch)</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Fuse ( fusibel link )</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Kabel penghubung</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Baterai</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">Motor Starter </span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><img alt="Hasil gambar untuk cara kerja sistem starter" class="irc_mi" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9roO9HU2-5g8ymHuMRbAQ2ffUGT7Q0knNAhSn1z4n8A_nCK9zeiuvNEUZ3kxvGVNNLGZjmUPLCFtBCSEnCfEBfj9I6gFhsr5IfQiHnhhBlHPKvrjoDfhaKOEuQx_jZ2Wys_wpwwmRouc/s1600/SISTEM+STARTER.gif" style="margin-top: 10px;" width="544" /></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305896913.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object></span></div>
</div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>Baca juga :</b> <a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html" target="_blank">komponen sistem starter</a></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Cara Kerja Motor Starter</span></b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">1. Posisi Kunci Kontak ST</span></b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Apabila starter switch diputar ke posisi ON, maka arus baterai mengalir melalui hold in coil ke massa dan di lain pihak pull in coil, field coil dan ke massa melalui armature. Pada saat hold dan pull in coil membentuk gaya magnet dengan arah yang sama, dikarenakan arah arus yang mengalir pada kedua kumparan tersebut sama.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Dari kejadian ini kontak plate (plunger) akan bergerak ke arah menutup main switch, sehingga drive lever bergerak menggeser starter clutch ke arah posisi berkaitan dengan ring gear.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><img alt="Gambar terkait" class="irc_mi" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjN4xq4cSd-S7zuyIbSwYEGZkzRte9g-L5fsiZH4attA837LGM4Hwq7kWMsFg02lIyQNqYq8MtiatQJMxoCrW5M0R6qKpRa_3sQRbEzAghaV09HVL2u69-Haqpjl3hLcdh_pNgugqP7xpby/s1600/24.jpg" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="494" /><object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305904237.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object>
</span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: blue; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Karena arus yang mengalir ke field coil pada saat itu relatif kecil maka armature berputar lambat dan memungkinkan perkaitan pinion dan ring gear menjadi lembut. Pada keadaan ini kontak plate belum menutup main switch</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: blue; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><b>Baca juga : </b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/pengujian-dengan-beban-pengujiandengan.html" target="_blank">Uji Drop Volt sistem starter </a></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
</span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">2. Pada Saat Pinion Berkaitan Penuh</span></b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Bila pinion gear sudah berkaitan penuh dengan ring gear, kontak plate akan mulai menutup main switch.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305904441.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object></span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<b style="background-color: white; line-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">3. <b>Saat Kunci Kontak Posisi On</b></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Kondisi ini mengakibatkan magnet yang timbul pada <i>pull-in coil </i>dan <i>hold-in coil </i>saling
meniadakan, karena arah arus berlawanan. Dengan demikian as selenoid
mudah kembali bergerak seperti semula (kearah kanan), karena tarikan
pegas. Begitu juga dengan<i>contact plate </i>yang terlepas dari terminal 30 dan C, arus dari baterai terputus, armatur berhenti berputar. </span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><object data="http://www.swfcabin.com/swf-files/1305904534.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object></span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"></span>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Apabila sistem stater tidak bekerja normal (sesuai cara kerja motor stater konvensional), serta perlu melakukan pemeriksaan dan perbaikan motor stater (trouble shooting) sesuai analisis fungsi komponen dan cara kerjanya.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><b>baca juga : </b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/berikut-ini-adalah-animasi-kerusakan.html" target="_blank">Mengidentifikasi Kerusakan/Kesalahan pada Sistem Starter</a></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"> </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVV6_Y4PLTc-orMXGPQT7f8r2s9WXtAFf6_LuXx6aHWBMnJoFWl5QMZINs75nEvMOPU7nvWCgGAhFcH3rtb6_eSE7JFcsOt4XKbYyZYcQlHgFtoWuV93mbwmp5-5WgOA8VPHw1TJRQgKcS/s1600/materi.png" /></span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Sumber</span></u></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Rujukan : </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Step I Toyota</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">http://otomotiflearning.blogspot.com</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Flash Animation : m-edukasi.net</span></div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-55259628996981863342012-10-03T00:32:00.001-07:002013-01-09T23:38:44.147-08:00Pengujian Komponen/Sistem Starter<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Ketika melakukan <i>overhoul</i> pada sistem starter, perlu dilakukan pengujian-pengujian pada komponen sistem agar setelah dirakit kembali semua komponen sudah dipastikan dalam keadaan baik.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Berikut ini bagian-bagian yang perlu dilakukan pengujian ketika <i>overhoul</i> :</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">1. Pengujian pull-in coil</span></b></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit;">Lepaskan kabel filed coil dari terminal C</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit;">Hubungkan terminal (+) baterai ke terminal 50 motor starter</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit;">Hubungkan terminal (-) baterai ke terminal C saklar starter dan bodi atau masa dari motor starter</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; line-height: 22px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/26.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
Pastikan bahwa pinion gear bergerak keluar. Bila pinion gear tidak bergerak keluar, periksa kerusakan pada pull-in coil, kemungkinan plunger macet atau penyebab lain.</object></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; line-height: 22px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;">Pastikan bahwa pinion gear bergerak keluar. Bila pinion gear tidak bergerak keluar, periksa kerusakan pada pull-in coil, kemungkinan plunger macet atau penyebab lain.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">2. Pengujian hold-in coil</span></b></span></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit;">Lepaskan kabel negatif dari terminal C</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: inherit;">Periksa bahwa pinion tetap keluar</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/27.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"><div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Bila pinion gear tertarik masuk, periksa kerusakan pada hold-in coil, massa hold-in coil yang kurang baik, atau kemungkinan penyebab lain.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<br />
3. Pengujian Kumparan Medan
Pengujian kontinuitas
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/28%20a.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"><div>
</div>
</object></div>
<span style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 22px;">Dengan menggunakan ohm meter, </span><span style="line-height: 22px;">hubungkan kedua jarum ohm meter ke masing- masing ujung kumparan. Harus ada kontinuitas diantara kedua ujung kumparan</span><span style="line-height: 22px;">. Bila tidak ada kontinuitas, ganti field fram.</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Pengujian hubungan dengan massa</span></span></div>
</div>
</object> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-family: inherit;">3. Pengujian Kumparan Medan</span></b><br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Pengujian kontinuitas</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/28%20b.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"><div>
</div>
</object></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="maju1" style="background-color: white; line-height: 14px;">Hubungkan satu jarum ohm meter ke ujung kumparan dan jarum yang lain ke massa / bodi. Antara bodi dan kumparan harus tidak ada kontinuitas. Bila ada kontinuitas, gantilah field framenya</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; line-height: 14px;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">4. Pengujian Kumparan Jangkar dan Armature</span></b></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Pengujian hubungan singkat</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/30%20a.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"><div>
</div>
</object></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="maju1" style="text-align: justify;">Hubungkan jarum ohm meter ke armatur dan ke bodi masa. Antara armatur dan bodi harus tidak ada hubungan</span><span style="text-align: justify;">. Bila ada hubungan maka gantilah armature</span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Pengujian kontinuitas armature</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/30%20b.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"><div>
</div>
</object></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">Hubungkan kedua jarum ohm meter ke armatur. Ubahlah posisi salah satu jarum melingkari permukaan komutator. Pada pengetesan ini harus menunjukkan kontinuitas. Bila tidak ada kontinuitas maka gantilah armature</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">5. Pengujian Sikat dan Pemegang Sikat</span></b></span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Pengetesan Hubungan Singkat </span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/31%20a.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">Hubungkan jarum ohm meter ke sikat negatif dan pemegang sikat positif dan pada pengetesan ini harus tidak ada kontinuitas. Bila ada kontinuitas perbaiki atau ganti pemegang sikatnya</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">Pengukuran Sikat dengan Vernier Caliper</span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/31%20b.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: xx-small; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">panjang standar : 16 mm (0,63 in). Panjang maksimum : 10 mm (0,39 in). Bila panjang sikat kurang dari harga minimum, gantilah sikat dan bentuklah dengan jalan mengamplas</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">Pengukuran Ketegangan Pegas Sikat</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/31%20c.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400">
</object></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Standar beban terpasang : 1,4-1,6 kg. Minimum beban terpasang : 1,0 kg. Bila beban terpasang dibawah harga minimum gantilah pegas sikat</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">
</span></span></span>
<br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">6. Pengetesan Over Running Clutch</span></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">Tahan roda gigi pinion dan putarlah kopling, kopling harus jalan bebas pada arah jarum jam dan terkunci pada putaran berlawanan arah jarum jam.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><object data="http://m-edukasi.net/online/2007/motorstater/anim/32.swf" height="370" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400"></object></span></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBM-oPkaeRgX6BSYXLSehmXYylZ-J81EPoHFbGw0hNBu3g8DKve93oUuqsdVBhNgsJr03eI43N3gbMgpVlYYmHsBFsyXwwp6M_yR8-hjrvTkWGnKq5UF-VpYIxgVYsIlZcxJYnMw4I9TH7/s1600/materi.png" /></a></span></div>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></u></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></u></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></u></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span class="Apple-style-span">Sumber</span></u></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Rujukan : </span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 22px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Step II Toyota</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span">http://otomotiflearning.blogspot.com</span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 22px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Flash Animation : m-eduk</span></span><span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;">asi</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3729170617119434960.post-3396676819835330062012-10-03T00:29:00.004-07:002017-12-15T20:07:02.151-08:00Pengujian Drop Volt (Tegangan Jatuh)<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;">Pengujian dengan beban</span></b><br />
<div>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pengujian
dengan beban dilakukan untuk mengetahui tegangan kerja yang sesungguhnya pada
motor starter. Perhatikan gambar berikut :</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBItiBGwjuL4bl8rhGUTQbMyjjG6MiaZi2puNEwiJz_WnCUBRW8ieJxvYfScy88R-fZTytuQ-pIaJN3lC5skv_kcImH8qmwgRxkazAK_7oX8sAXimYbUNVHQw_LfWLse0iuPlSm1n7XCE/s1600/pemeriksaan+dengan+beban+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBItiBGwjuL4bl8rhGUTQbMyjjG6MiaZi2puNEwiJz_WnCUBRW8ieJxvYfScy88R-fZTytuQ-pIaJN3lC5skv_kcImH8qmwgRxkazAK_7oX8sAXimYbUNVHQw_LfWLse0iuPlSm1n7XCE/s400/pemeriksaan+dengan+beban+1.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Pemeriksaan
dilakukan sebagai berikut :</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Engine
harus tidak hidup saat dilakukan starting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hubungkan
voltmeter seperti pada posisi V1. Batas ukur volt meter disesuaikan dengan
tegangan batere. Hidupkan motor starter dan perhatikan pembacaan alat ukur/
volt meter, motor starter harus beroperasi pada kecepatan putar normal dan
hasil pengukuran tidak boleh >9.5
volt<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hubungkan
volt meter dengan batere seperti posisi
V2. Sekali lagi hidupkan motor starter. Perhatikan hasil pengukuran. Perbedaan
hasil pengiukuran menunjukkan adanya penurunan tgangan pada rangkaian,
penurunan tegangan maksimum yang diizinkan adalah 0.5 volt. Bila perbedaaan
pengukuran lebih besar dari 0.5 vol, ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tahanan
pada rangkaian starter. Rangkaian harus diperiksa. Bila perbedaan berkisar 0.5
volt namun hasil pengukurannya rendah (misalnya 9 dan 9.5 volt) berarti ada
gangguan pada motor starter ata batere. Periksa motor starter dan batere.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 31.65pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selain
pengujian di atas, juga dilakukan pengujian drop voltage atau peningkatan
tahanan yang diukur dengan menggunakan volt meter. Tujian melakuakn ini adalah
untuk menemukan gangguan atau peningkaatan tahanan. Perhatikan gambar berikut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 31.65pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB-4P6FDi7AfZ-b0mQYAG3M75zSXBd9ow2mQ4ckMsPPtViKiQjzv8fisujA8_0XqFVPx5S_ZfE3-qiU0IwBZ5PyBpXZ30UYH5ZndCodes_NdZpe7SS47VlDtdHBMlWahI8n5QUqucI8bI/s1600/drop+volt+test.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB-4P6FDi7AfZ-b0mQYAG3M75zSXBd9ow2mQ4ckMsPPtViKiQjzv8fisujA8_0XqFVPx5S_ZfE3-qiU0IwBZ5PyBpXZ30UYH5ZndCodes_NdZpe7SS47VlDtdHBMlWahI8n5QUqucI8bI/s320/drop+volt+test.png" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><b>Gambar
rangkaian pengukuran drop voltage</b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; line-height: 24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: xx-small;"><b>baca juga : </b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2013/01/ketika-melakukan-overhoul-pada-sistem_9056.html">Pengujian Komponen/Sistem Starter</a></b></span> </b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Pemeriksaan
dilakukan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Engine
harus tidak hidup saat dilakukan starting</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Hubungkan
volt meter seperti posisi V1. Permbacaan maksimum adalah 0.2 volt. Pembacaan
lebih dari 0.2 volt berati ada gangguan pada kabel starter, sambungan-sambungan
dan kunci kontak.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Hubungkan
volt meter seperti posisi V2, hanya tidak melalui kunci kontak. Nilai
pengukuran tidak lebih dari 0.1 volt</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -24px;">Hubungkan
volt meter seperti posisi V3. Pengukuran ini utnuk memeriksa sambungan negatif
engine dan negati batere, hasil pengukuran tidak boleh lebih dari 0.1 volt</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Posisi
V4 dilakukan untuk meeriksa negative engine dengan negatif frame/rangka.
Pengukuran ini biasanya dilakukan bila negatif bater dihubungkan dengan rangka
kendaraan, bukan pada engine.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0QvTrhDVzKB8ga6XCaXcQkzoU7dDYnEKCd1hmoPsFtbdxNyaBdUaETTRFJPW2VeWvyxBoCP_ZcGHFpAAz3hWXSh5yJOTZal7_UnCm5rBd6gmdKhdhxcFcyC94UZDtj5LmfmzJWvage8M/s1600/spesifikasi+berbeban.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="110" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0QvTrhDVzKB8ga6XCaXcQkzoU7dDYnEKCd1hmoPsFtbdxNyaBdUaETTRFJPW2VeWvyxBoCP_ZcGHFpAAz3hWXSh5yJOTZal7_UnCm5rBd6gmdKhdhxcFcyC94UZDtj5LmfmzJWvage8M/s400/spesifikasi+berbeban.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Catatan : pengukuran dilakukan
dengan men-<i>start engine</i> dan kondisi batere baik.</span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Jika pemakaian tegangan melebihi nilai tersebut di atas dan putaran starter masih labat berarti motor starter harus dibongkar dan diperiksa.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><b>baca juga : </b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><b><b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/komponen-sistem-starter-dan-fungsinya.html">Komponen Sistem Starter dan Fungsinya</a></b></b></span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font: 7.0pt "times new roman";"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: -24px;">Pengujian
tanpa beban</span></span></b></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Ganguan
pada motor starter</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">pada dasarnya dapat
diketahui dari adanya pemakaian arus yang terlalu besar dan penurunan tegangan
yang tidak normal. Besar kecilnya pemakaian arus dapat diketahui dengan
menggunakan ammeter.</span></span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><b>Langkah
pengujian:</b></span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -24px;">Jepitlah motor starter dengan ragum
untuk menghindarkan hal-hal yang tidak di inginkan</span></div>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Pasanglah ammeter seperti gambar di bawah ini.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGX4k71pdiTn_lOgy3zoKgrbK2Hz3348BSy8sHU2dvZFQT9NmWXssvewWPuAbZXIth-wjyD7oHlMbJF2eWt-T7x4E_KObZ44_Z8X8nsk83Y_8Fzed2OmKnzpGn3xOpLtdIUaUWkey3slU/s1600/pengujian+tanpa+beban+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGX4k71pdiTn_lOgy3zoKgrbK2Hz3348BSy8sHU2dvZFQT9NmWXssvewWPuAbZXIth-wjyD7oHlMbJF2eWt-T7x4E_KObZ44_Z8X8nsk83Y_8Fzed2OmKnzpGn3xOpLtdIUaUWkey3slU/s400/pengujian+tanpa+beban+1.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<ol>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Positif
batere </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">positif ammeter</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Negatif
ammeter</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> terminal 30 (B)</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Negatif
batere</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> bodi starter</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -24px;">Kemudian hidupkan starter</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Amati besarnya penunjukkan jarum
ammeter, setelah jelas matikan motor starter</span></li>
</ol>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">baca juga : </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/10/berikut-ini-adalah-animasi-kerusakan.html">Mengidentifikasi Kerusakan/Kesalahan pada Sistem Starter</a></b> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Amati besarnya penunjukkan jarum apakah sudah sesuai
dengan </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">spesifikasi</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKvdcqwXqk2T6EgT6zoWJCw3foGOL2R305X_t_eOG54NoI_kLRERhCtdJYBYJHkr9WuvSJPWIK1pOgXxUYzCjre8rjSfqhnY5FNgpqtzX69k8IkWkru4N_G_59oFDHcXXqUV0PIq8jY9M/s1600/pengujian+tanpa+beban.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" height="111" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKvdcqwXqk2T6EgT6zoWJCw3foGOL2R305X_t_eOG54NoI_kLRERhCtdJYBYJHkr9WuvSJPWIK1pOgXxUYzCjre8rjSfqhnY5FNgpqtzX69k8IkWkru4N_G_59oFDHcXXqUV0PIq8jY9M/s400/pengujian+tanpa+beban.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Jika pemakaian arus melebihi nilai
tersebut dan putaran motor starter masih lambat maka motor starter harus
dibongkar dan diperiksa.</span></div>
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ry68G0C2Fyc" width="640"></iframe>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><b>baca juga :</b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><b><b><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/2012/12/troublshooting-starter.html">Troubleshooting Pada Sistem starter</a></b></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://tkr-smknegeri1-kediri.blogspot.com/p/materi_7.html"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbsueQ8pw55jrvlUOeYk78W4BZQtJ8aLqdOgoIgVRMZnwHWrHpyJMIhP_0RlagXt0DegKJHJW4Rdw2aO81cFXyhHT4VR0wm9QfFrwPTTp-I4V3Ge9S3OTneG3LOCrxmmY2ePg-MmwQKV8k/s1600/materi.png" /></a></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">sumber:</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">New Step 1 Engine Electrical</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"><i>Information Book</i>- Perbaikan Sistem Starter</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">video : </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">youtube.com </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter">
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0">
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1">
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1">
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0">
</v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:formulas>
<v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f">
<o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit">
</o:lock></v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 3in; visibility: visible; width: 324.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\belajar\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
TKR SMKN 1 KEDIRIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16428197890485072672noreply@blogger.com